Cell Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following functions is NOT associated with the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

  • Steroid hormone synthesis
  • Detoxification
  • Lipid metabolism
  • Protein secretion (correct)
  • What unique characteristic do mitochondria possess?

  • Ability to synthesize their own DNA (correct)
  • Irreversible self-destruction
  • Complete independence from the cell
  • Inability to change shape
  • Which of the following is true regarding lysosomes?

  • They synthesize proteins.
  • They are involved in lipid metabolism.
  • They contain hydrolytic enzymes. (correct)
  • They have a pH of 7.
  • What is one of the key roles of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

    <p>Core glycosylation of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the outer membrane of mitochondria?

    <p>It is permeable to molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is primarily carried out by peroxisomes?

    <p>Hydrogen peroxide metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

    <p>Contains ribosomes on its surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

    <p>Protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging secretory products?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the structure of ribosomes to stabilize their formation?

    <p>rRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a eukaryotic cell is primarily responsible for energy production?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of polysaccharides?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is directly responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA?

    <p>Nucleolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure in the eukaryotic cell serves as the selective barrier regulating entry and exit of substances?

    <p>Cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is NOT found within a eukaryotic cell?

    <p>Naked DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Structure and Function

    • Cell Structure: Composed of various organelles, including the nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, centriole, mitochondria, and vesicles.
    • Nucleus: Contains genetic material (DNA) and directs cellular processes.
    • Ribosomes: Responsible for protein synthesis, composed of a large (60S) and small (40S) subunit containing rRNA.
    • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Network of interconnected membranes involved in synthesis, packaging, and processing of molecules.
      • Rough ER (RER): Rich in ribosomes, involved in protein synthesis for secretion, integral membrane proteins, and lysosomal enzymes.
        • Core Glycosylation: Modification of proteins by adding sugar molecules to the protein structure.
      • Smooth ER (SER): Involved in lipid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis, gluconeogenesis, detoxification, and calcium storage.
    • Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, packages, and concentrates secretory products.
    • Vesicles: Small membrane-bound sacs that transport materials within and outside the cell.
      • Granules: Contain secretory products.
      • Lysosomes: Degrade material with hydrolytic enzymes, maintain a pH of 5.
      • Peroxysomes: Involved in hydrogen peroxide metabolism and oxidation of fatty acids.
    • Mitochondria: The powerhouse of the cell, responsible for energy production (ATP) through cellular respiration.
      • mtDNA: Contains its own DNA, inherited maternally.
      • Structure: Contains two membranes, an outer permeable membrane and an inner selectively permeable membrane.
      • Function: Synthesizes its own proteins, can move and change shape.

    Eukaryotic Cell

    • Characteristic of animal cells, plant cells, fungi, and protists.
    • Possesses a nucleus, ribosomes, ER, Golgi, mitochondria, and other organelles.
    • Complex and organized structure.

    The Cell

    • Cells come in various shapes and forms, adapted to their specific functions.
    • Diverse structures optimized for specific roles in the body.

    #celltember

    • A popular hashtag often used on social media to share information about cell biology during September.
    • Increases awareness about cell biology and promotes research.

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    Description

    Explore the intricacies of cell structure and function in this quiz. Learn about the roles of organelles such as the nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, along with their specific functions within the cell. This quiz will enhance your understanding of cell biology and its essential processes.

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