Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is cell injury?
What is cell injury?
A sequence of events (biochemical & morphologic) upon exposure of the cell to injurious agent
What are the main causes of cell injury?
What are the main causes of cell injury?
- Physical Agents (correct)
- Chemicals and Drugs (correct)
- Microbiologic Agents (correct)
- Immunologic Reactions (correct)
- Hypoxia (correct)
The effect of cell injury is determined by the severity and duration of the injurious agent as well as the cell's vulnerability.
The effect of cell injury is determined by the severity and duration of the injurious agent as well as the cell's vulnerability.
True (A)
What are the types of cell injury?
What are the types of cell injury?
Which of the following describe signs of reversible cell injury?
Which of the following describe signs of reversible cell injury?
What is the name for a type of irreversible cell injury that involves cell death through a process of programmed cell death?
What is the name for a type of irreversible cell injury that involves cell death through a process of programmed cell death?
Fatty change in liver cells often shows a 'signet ring appearance' under a microscope.
Fatty change in liver cells often shows a 'signet ring appearance' under a microscope.
What does 'degeneration' mean in terms of cell injury?
What does 'degeneration' mean in terms of cell injury?
Flashcards
Cell Injury Definition
Cell Injury Definition
A series of biochemical and morphological changes in a cell after exposure to a damaging agent.
Causes of Cell Injury
Causes of Cell Injury
Factors that damage cells, including the severity and duration of the damaging agent, and the cell's vulnerability.
Reversible Cell Injury
Reversible Cell Injury
Cell damage that can be repaired, characterized by cellular swelling and fatty changes.
Cellular Swelling
Cellular Swelling
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Fatty Change
Fatty Change
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Irreversible Cell Injury
Irreversible Cell Injury
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Necrosis
Necrosis
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis
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Hyperplasia
Hyperplasia
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Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy
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Metaplasia
Metaplasia
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Study Notes
Cell Response to Injury
- The lecture is about cell response to injury
- Key learning objectives include:
- Defining cell injury
- Identifying the causes of cell injury
- Understanding different types of cell injury
Cell Injury Definition
- Cell injury is a sequence of biochemical and morphological events following exposure of the cell to an injurious agent.
- Involves both biochemical and morphological changes
Causes of Cell Injury
- Hypoxia: Oxygen deficiency, commonly due to ischemia (impaired blood supply), inadequate oxygenation, or anemia (loss of oxygen-carrying capacity).
- Physical Agents: Trauma, radiation, extreme temperatures, electric shock
- Chemical Agents: Acids, alkalis, animal and plant poisons
- Microbiological Agents: Viruses, bacteria, parasites
- Immunologic Reactions: Allergic reactions, autoimmune diseases
Effects of Cell Injury
- The severity and duration of the injurious agent influence the effect on the cell.
- Adaptation: The body's response to mild injury, which can be:
- Hyperplasia: Increased cell number
- Hypertrophy: Increased cell size
- Metaplasia: Conversion of one cell type to another
- Injury: Occurs if adaptation cannot counteract the stressor, leading to:
- Reversible Injury: Mild, transient changes potentially reversible if the stimulus is removed. Examples: cloudy swelling, fatty change.
- Irreversible Injury: Severe, progressive damage leading to cell death, including necrosis and apoptosis.
Types of Cell Injury
- Reversible Injury
- Cloudy Swelling: Characterized by water accumulation in cells (cytoplasm shows swelling)
- Fatty Change: Pathological accumulation of fat in parenchymal cells (e.g., liver cells)
- Irreversible Injury
- Necrosis: Cell death characterized by cell lysis (cell bursting)
- Apoptosis: Cell suicide or programmed cell death (controlled process)
Additional Information
- Specific details about organs affected by cloudy swelling and hydropic swelling include the Kidney, Liver, Heart, and Skin.
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