Human Pathology and X-linked SCID Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following options are correct for the most common x-linked SCID? (Select all that apply)

ZAP-70

ADA (correct)

PNP

Common-gamma chain (correct)

BTK

Which of the following enzymes is NOT involved in Phase I biotransformations?

All of the previous

Alcohol dehydrogenase

CYP450

UDP glucuronyl-transferase (correct)

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Which of the following best defines an oncogene?

An oncogene codes for a protein that prevents the cell from undergoing apoptosis.

An oncogene is a dominantly expressed mutated gene that gives a cell a growth and survival advantage. (correct)

An oncogene codes for a truncated form of a protein that forms part of a signal transduction pathway.

An oncogene often codes for a protein with phosphatase activity.

An oncogene codes for a cell cycle control protein.

Which of the following statements regarding the alternatively activated (M2) macrophages is NOT correct?

Antigen-presenting cells in the skin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the RECIST criteria for assessing tumor response is NOT correct?

Progressive disease occurs when there is at least a 30% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells types would be most characteristic of the inflammatory response accompanying a leaking silicone breast implant?

Giant cell Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of chronic granulomatous disease?

Intracellular killing of micro-organisms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding tissue repair is CORRECT?

Inadequate vascularization during healing can cause ulceration. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements referring to active tumor immunotherapy is NOT correct?

Checkpoint inhibition target 41BB and CD28 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Langhans giant cells?

Are the antigen-presenting cells in the skin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT correct concerning the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene?

Germinal mutation causes Lynch syndrome, an autosomal dominant genetic condition that is associated with a high risk of colon cancer as well as other cancers. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key cause of immortalization of cancer cells in many tumors?

Reactivation of the telomerase enzyme Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cancer stem cell?

The ability to replicate an unlimited number of times. Signup and view all the answers

Which property of p53 enables it to prevent the development of cancer?

P53 prevents the replication of cells with damaged DNA. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

X-linked SCID

Most common x-linked SCID is due to lack of the common-gamma chain
HLA alleles HLA-A*02 01 and HLA-A 02 02 differ because of non-synonymous polymorphisms of the coding region.

Pathology

One of the first signs of cell injury is Na/K ATPase impairment
The main consequence of anaerobic glycolysis is lactate accumulation
One of the first cell signs of mild hypoxic injury is swelling
Protease activation is triggered by cytosolic calcium increase
Phagocytes produce large amounts of ROS

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Description

This quiz covers essential topics related to X-linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) and cellular pathology. Focus on understanding the common causes of X-linked SCID, the implications of HLA alleles, and the early signs of cell injury. Test your knowledge on the biochemical and physiological responses to cellular stress and injury.