Cell Injury and Cellular Pathology

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Questions and Answers

What are the most commonly affected organs in cellular injury?

Liver, heart, kidney, and muscles

What is a major contributor to reversible cell injury?

Excess fat in diet

What is the definition of irreversible cell injury?

Death of large groups of cells or tissues within the living body

What are the two main types of changes observed in irreversible cell injury?

Nuclear changes and Cytoplasmic changes Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of irreversible cell injury?

Lymphatics Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a type of reversible cell injury?

Viral hepatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of cell injury?

A sequence of events (biochemical and morphologic) upon exposure of the cell to an injurious agent. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main categories of cell injury?

Reversible and irreversible cell injury. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between cloudy swelling and hydropic swelling?

Both are types of cellular swelling, but cloudy swelling is a reversible condition, while hydropic swelling is a more severe and potentially irreversible condition. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a severe injurious agent on a cell?

Necrosis or apoptosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of duration in determining the severity of cell injury?

Short duration of injurious agent exposure leads to mild injury, while long duration leads to severe injury. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between reversible and irreversible cell injury in terms of severity of injurious agent?

Reversible cell injury occurs with mild injury, while irreversible cell injury occurs with severe injury. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of reversible cell injury?

Accumulation of water in the cell and cellular swelling Signup and view all the answers

Which organs are commonly affected by reversible cell injury?

Liver, Kidney, and Heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical manifestation of reversible cell injury in the kidney?

Proteinuria Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of cells in reversible cell injury if injurious agents persist?

Large scale cell death Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic microscopic feature of fatty change?

Accumulation of large clear vacuoles in the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of fatty change?

Reversible cell injury characterized by accumulation of excess neutral fat in parenchymatous cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of reversible cell injury on the heart?

Dilatation Signup and view all the answers

What are some causes of reversible cell injury?

Viral infections, allergic reactions, and burns Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Injury

Cell injury is a sequence of biochemical and morphologic changes that occur when a cell is exposed to an injurious agent.
Injurious agents can cause cell injury, which can be reversible or irreversible.

Causes of Cell Injury

Injurious agents can cause cell injury, including excess fat in the diet and viral infections.

Types of Cell Injury

Reversible cell injury:
- Characterized by the accumulation of excess water or fat in cells.
- Can be caused by mild injury or short-duration exposure to an injurious agent.
- Can affect the liver, kidney, heart, and skin.
- Microscopic picture: cellular swelling, fine granules in the cytoplasm, and large clear vacuoles.
- Clinical picture: proteinuria, dilatation of the heart, and no significant changes in the liver and kidney.
- Fate: can recover with removal of the injurious agent.
Irreversible cell injury (cell death):
- Characterized by the death of large groups of cells or tissues within the living body.
- Can occur directly or following reversible injury.
- Causes: exposure to a severe injurious agent or prolonged exposure to a mild injurious agent.
- Microscopic picture: nuclear changes, cytoplasmic changes, and signet ring formation.
- Fate: death of cells and tissues.

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Description

This quiz covers the definition, causes, and types of cell injury, including reversible and irreversible cell injury. It also explores the biochemical and morphologic changes that occur in response to injurious agents.