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Questions and Answers
What are the most commonly affected organs in cellular injury?
Liver, heart, kidney, and muscles
What is a major contributor to reversible cell injury?
Excess fat in diet
What is the definition of irreversible cell injury?
Death of large groups of cells or tissues within the living body
What are the two main types of changes observed in irreversible cell injury?
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What is the fate of irreversible cell injury?
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What is an example of a type of reversible cell injury?
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What is the definition of cell injury?
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What are the two main categories of cell injury?
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What is the difference between cloudy swelling and hydropic swelling?
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What is the effect of a severe injurious agent on a cell?
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What is the role of duration in determining the severity of cell injury?
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What is the difference between reversible and irreversible cell injury in terms of severity of injurious agent?
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What is the characteristic feature of reversible cell injury?
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Which organs are commonly affected by reversible cell injury?
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What is the clinical manifestation of reversible cell injury in the kidney?
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What is the fate of cells in reversible cell injury if injurious agents persist?
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What is the characteristic microscopic feature of fatty change?
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What is the definition of fatty change?
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What is the effect of reversible cell injury on the heart?
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What are some causes of reversible cell injury?
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Study Notes
Cell Injury
- Cell injury is a sequence of biochemical and morphologic changes that occur when a cell is exposed to an injurious agent.
- Injurious agents can cause cell injury, which can be reversible or irreversible.
Causes of Cell Injury
- Injurious agents can cause cell injury, including excess fat in the diet and viral infections.
Types of Cell Injury
- Reversible cell injury:
- Characterized by the accumulation of excess water or fat in cells.
- Can be caused by mild injury or short-duration exposure to an injurious agent.
- Can affect the liver, kidney, heart, and skin.
- Microscopic picture: cellular swelling, fine granules in the cytoplasm, and large clear vacuoles.
- Clinical picture: proteinuria, dilatation of the heart, and no significant changes in the liver and kidney.
- Fate: can recover with removal of the injurious agent.
- Irreversible cell injury (cell death):
- Characterized by the death of large groups of cells or tissues within the living body.
- Can occur directly or following reversible injury.
- Causes: exposure to a severe injurious agent or prolonged exposure to a mild injurious agent.
- Microscopic picture: nuclear changes, cytoplasmic changes, and signet ring formation.
- Fate: death of cells and tissues.
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Description
This quiz covers the definition, causes, and types of cell injury, including reversible and irreversible cell injury. It also explores the biochemical and morphologic changes that occur in response to injurious agents.