Cell Injury and Cell Death Mechanisms

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Which type of cells are able to undergo rapid division in response to stimuli?

Permanent cells

Labile cells

Stable cells (correct)

Hyperplastic cells

Which type of cell enlargement involves an increase in cell size but no new cells?

Metaplasia

Atrophy

Hyperplasia

Hypertrophy (correct)

Which type of cells do not undergo mitosis postnatally?

Stable cells

Labile cells

Permanent cells (correct)

Dysplastic cells

In which of the following conditions is an organ or tissue enlarged due to an increase in cell number?

Hyperplasia Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the growth of an organ or tissue in response to hormonal changes, such as breast enlargement during puberty?

Hyperplasia Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the enlargement of skeletal muscles without the formation of new cells?

Hypertrophy Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular component abnormalities can lead to cell injury?

Mitochondrial dysfunction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for necrosis?

Irreversible cell injury Signup and view all the answers

Which nuclear change in necrosis involves nuclear dissolution?

Karyolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the progressive degradative action seen in necrosis?

Autolysis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of necrosis involves tissue appearing like cheese?

Caseous Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell death is invariably due to pathological or injurious stimuli?

Necrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of dead cells in apoptosis?

Ingested by neutrophil polymorphs and macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which ultrastructural change is associated with cell shrinkage and fragmentation in apoptosis?

Formation of apoptotic bodies with dense chromatin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between dry gangrene and wet gangrene?

Presence of infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic response to inflammation in necrosis?

Usual response Signup and view all the answers

Which process is described as 'quiet and controlled' with intact membrane and no inflammatory reaction?

Apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific characteristic of fat necrosis in acute pancreatitis?

Formation of saponification Signup and view all the answers

In apoptosis, what happens to lysosomes?

Lysosomes intact Signup and view all the answers

In apoptosis, what happens to the nucleus during the later stages?

Chromatin condenses Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of cancer therapy according to the text provided?

Not all bad! Normal in development embryology and homoeostasis Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves degradation of a cell's own nuclear DNA and cytoplasmic proteins?

Apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that leads to the formation of apoptotic bodies in apoptosis?

Nucleus fragmentation Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the morphologic correlates of reversible cell injury?

Increased cell swelling due to lipid vacuoles in the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes multinucleate cells extending up strata in dysplastic skin?

Increased N:C ratio Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of pathologic calcification known as dystrophic calcification?

Deposition of Ca in normal tissue due to hypercalcemia Signup and view all the answers

In reversible cell injury, what results from failure of energy-dependent pumps in the plasma membrane?

Loss of ionic and fluid homeostasis causing cell swelling Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a cellular response to a type of injury, its duration, and its severity?

Multinucleate cells extending up strata Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of cells exhibiting pleomorphism?

Surface cells with large nuclei Signup and view all the answers