Cell Injury and Cell Death Mechanisms

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Questions and Answers

Which type of cells are able to undergo rapid division in response to stimuli?

  • Permanent cells
  • Labile cells
  • Stable cells (correct)
  • Hyperplastic cells

Which type of cell enlargement involves an increase in cell size but no new cells?

  • Metaplasia
  • Atrophy
  • Hyperplasia
  • Hypertrophy (correct)

Which type of cells do not undergo mitosis postnatally?

  • Stable cells
  • Labile cells
  • Permanent cells (correct)
  • Dysplastic cells

In which of the following conditions is an organ or tissue enlarged due to an increase in cell number?

<p>Hyperplasia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the growth of an organ or tissue in response to hormonal changes, such as breast enlargement during puberty?

<p>Hyperplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the enlargement of skeletal muscles without the formation of new cells?

<p>Hypertrophy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular component abnormalities can lead to cell injury?

<p>Mitochondrial dysfunction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for necrosis?

<p>Irreversible cell injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nuclear change in necrosis involves nuclear dissolution?

<p>Karyolysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the progressive degradative action seen in necrosis?

<p>Autolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of necrosis involves tissue appearing like cheese?

<p>Caseous (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell death is invariably due to pathological or injurious stimuli?

<p>Necrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of dead cells in apoptosis?

<p>Ingested by neutrophil polymorphs and macrophages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ultrastructural change is associated with cell shrinkage and fragmentation in apoptosis?

<p>Formation of apoptotic bodies with dense chromatin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between dry gangrene and wet gangrene?

<p>Presence of infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic response to inflammation in necrosis?

<p>Usual response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is described as 'quiet and controlled' with intact membrane and no inflammatory reaction?

<p>Apoptosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific characteristic of fat necrosis in acute pancreatitis?

<p>Formation of saponification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In apoptosis, what happens to lysosomes?

<p>Lysosomes intact (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In apoptosis, what happens to the nucleus during the later stages?

<p>Chromatin condenses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of cancer therapy according to the text provided?

<p>Not all bad! Normal in development embryology and homoeostasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves degradation of a cell's own nuclear DNA and cytoplasmic proteins?

<p>Apoptosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that leads to the formation of apoptotic bodies in apoptosis?

<p>Nucleus fragmentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the morphologic correlates of reversible cell injury?

<p>Increased cell swelling due to lipid vacuoles in the cytoplasm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes multinucleate cells extending up strata in dysplastic skin?

<p>Increased N:C ratio (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of pathologic calcification known as dystrophic calcification?

<p>Deposition of Ca in normal tissue due to hypercalcemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In reversible cell injury, what results from failure of energy-dependent pumps in the plasma membrane?

<p>Loss of ionic and fluid homeostasis causing cell swelling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a cellular response to a type of injury, its duration, and its severity?

<p>Multinucleate cells extending up strata (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of cells exhibiting pleomorphism?

<p>Surface cells with large nuclei (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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