Cell Division and Follicle Development

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the two distinct types of cell division?

Mitosis and cytokinesis

Mitosis and meiosis (correct)

Cytokinesis and mitosis

Meiosis and binary fission

Which of the following is NOT a type of cell division?

Mitosis

Photosynthesis (correct)

Meiosis

Cytokinesis

What phase precedes both mitosis and meiosis?

Interphase (correct)

Metaphase

Telophase

Prophase

Which statement is true regarding mitosis and meiosis?

Meiosis produces four genetically unique cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

To replace dead or damaged cells Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a mature Graafian follicle?

It is situated in the cortex of the ovary. Signup and view all the answers

Which follicle development stage follows the secondary follicle?

Antral follicle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following follicles is the last stage before ovulation?

Graafian follicle Signup and view all the answers

At which stage of follicular development does the ovarian follicle begin to contain a fluid-filled cavity?

Antral follicle Signup and view all the answers

Which type of follicle is considered the earliest stage of development?

Primordial follicle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of corona radiata in the follicular structure?

To form a protective layer around the ovum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding granulosa cells?

They surround the entire follicle Signup and view all the answers

Which layers are classified under follicular cells?

Corona radiata and granulosa cells Signup and view all the answers

What function do cumulus oophorus cells serve in the follicle?

They connect the corona radiata to the granulosa cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the structure of the corona radiata?

It is made up of a few layers of cells surrounding the ovum Signup and view all the answers

What is released during ovulation?

The secondary oocyte Signup and view all the answers

Which structure surrounds the secondary oocyte after ovulation?

Zona pellucida and corona radiata Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the ovulation phase?

Rupture of the Graafian follicle Signup and view all the answers

What event marks the end of the ovulation phase?

Rupture of the Graafian follicle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT associated with the ovulation phase?

Endometrial shedding Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for the layer of the endometrium that changes during the menstrual cycle?

Functional Layer Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the menstrual cycle typically lasts for 4 to 5 days?

Menstrual Phase Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is located on the outside of the uterus?

Perimetrium Signup and view all the answers

Which arteries are primarily involved in supplying blood to the functional layer of the endometrium?

Both B and C Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of the menstrual cycle is estrogen primarily produced?

Proliferative Phase Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Division

Two distinct types of cell division exist: mitosis and meiosis, each preceded by interphase.

Follicle Development

Primordial follicle: The initial stage of follicle development.
Primary follicle: Characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells surrounding the oocyte.
Secondary follicle: Multiple layers of follicular cells (granulosa cells) surround the oocyte.
Preantral follicle: The follicle begins to develop a fluid-filled space called the antrum.
Early antral follicle: The antrum expands, and the oocyte is surrounded by a mound of granulosa cells, the cumulus oophorus.
Antral follicle: The antrum continues to enlarge, and the follicle grows in size.
Graafian follicle: The mature follicle, characterized by a large antrum and a prominent cumulus oophorus.

Mature Graafian Follicle

Located in the ovary's cortex.
Follicular cells surround the ovum.
Corona radiate: A few layers of cells directly surrounding the ovum.
Granulosa cells: Form layers around the entire follicle.
Cumulus oophorus: Connects the corona radiate to the granulosa cells.

Ovulation Phase

The mature Graafian follicle ruptures, releasing the secondary oocyte.
The oocyte is surrounded by the zona pellucida and corona radiate.

Uterus

Composed of several layers:
- Uterine cavity: The inner space of the uterus.
- Perimetrium: The outer layer of the uterus.
- Myometrium: The muscular middle layer, responsible for uterine contractions.
- Endometrium: The inner lining of the uterus, which undergoes cyclical changes during the menstrual cycle.

Endometrial Tissue

Composed of two layers:
- Basal layer: The permanent layer that regenerates the functional layer.
- Functional layer: The upper layer that sheds during menstruation, consisting of a compact and spongy layer:
  - Compact layer: More densely packed cells.
  - Spongy layer: Contains many blood vessels.

Endometrial Epithelium

Uterine glands: Secrete fluids that nourish the embryo.
Veins: Supply blood to the endometrium.

Menstrual (Bleeding) Phase

Lasts approximately 4 to 5 days.
Characterized by shedding of the functional layer of the endometrium.
Bleeding occurs due to the breakdown of blood vessels in the functional layer.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the intricate processes of cell division including mitosis and meiosis. Delve into the various stages of follicle development, from primordial to mature Graafian follicles, and understand their structures and characteristics.