Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are homologous chromosomes?
What are homologous chromosomes?
- Chromosomes that are always identical in size and shape
- Chromosomes that have different genetic makeup only
- Chromosomes that are identical from the same parent
- Chromosomes from different parents that have the same genes (correct)
During interphase, chromosomes are visible under a microscope.
During interphase, chromosomes are visible under a microscope.
False (B)
What is the primary function of the centrosomes during mitosis?
What is the primary function of the centrosomes during mitosis?
To generate spindle fibers.
The process of DNA replication occurs during the ______ phase of the cell cycle.
The process of DNA replication occurs during the ______ phase of the cell cycle.
Match the following stages of the cell cycle with their descriptions:
Match the following stages of the cell cycle with their descriptions:
In what phase do chromatids attach to centromeres?
In what phase do chromatids attach to centromeres?
What type of cells are produced through meiosis?
What type of cells are produced through meiosis?
Sister chromatids are formed during the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Sister chromatids are formed during the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
What is the primary purpose of meiosis?
What is the primary purpose of meiosis?
Crossing over occurs during Anaphase I.
Crossing over occurs during Anaphase I.
What is the role of spindle fibers during cell division?
What is the role of spindle fibers during cell division?
Somatic cells are any cells in the body that are not involved in __________.
Somatic cells are any cells in the body that are not involved in __________.
Match the following types of animal reproduction with their descriptions:
Match the following types of animal reproduction with their descriptions:
During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids split and move towards opposite poles?
During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids split and move towards opposite poles?
The metaphase plate is where chromosomes line up during telophase.
The metaphase plate is where chromosomes line up during telophase.
What characterizes telophase in cell division?
What characterizes telophase in cell division?
The __________ is the central part of a chromosome that holds sister chromatids together.
The __________ is the central part of a chromosome that holds sister chromatids together.
Match the phase of meiosis with its description:
Match the phase of meiosis with its description:
What is the term for the process where homologous chromosomes pair up during meiosis?
What is the term for the process where homologous chromosomes pair up during meiosis?
All gametes are diploid cells.
All gametes are diploid cells.
What is the function of centrosomes during cell division?
What is the function of centrosomes during cell division?
During __________, two identical cells are produced from one parent cell.
During __________, two identical cells are produced from one parent cell.
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
What is the result of sperm entering a secondary oocyte during ovulation?
What is the result of sperm entering a secondary oocyte during ovulation?
The phenotype is the genetic makeup of an organism.
The phenotype is the genetic makeup of an organism.
What process turns a zygote into a blastula?
What process turns a zygote into a blastula?
In Mendel's experiments, the F2 generation showed a phenotypic ratio of _____ purple to white flowers.
In Mendel's experiments, the F2 generation showed a phenotypic ratio of _____ purple to white flowers.
What is the term for the protective envelope created during the cortical reaction?
What is the term for the protective envelope created during the cortical reaction?
Dominant alleles do not influence an organism's appearance if present with a recessive allele.
Dominant alleles do not influence an organism's appearance if present with a recessive allele.
What does Mendel's law of segregation state?
What does Mendel's law of segregation state?
A gene that has multiple phenotypic effects is an example of _____ inheritance.
A gene that has multiple phenotypic effects is an example of _____ inheritance.
What is the main purpose of a Punnett square?
What is the main purpose of a Punnett square?
Incomplete dominance results in phenotypes that are simply a mix of parental traits.
Incomplete dominance results in phenotypes that are simply a mix of parental traits.
What are polygenic traits?
What are polygenic traits?
The _____ refers to the location of a gene on a chromosome.
The _____ refers to the location of a gene on a chromosome.
What is the effect of the addition rule in genetics?
What is the effect of the addition rule in genetics?
Match the following processes with their descriptions:
Match the following processes with their descriptions:
Which sex chromosomes are typically present in females?
Which sex chromosomes are typically present in females?
Males only need two copies of a recessive trait to express it.
Males only need two copies of a recessive trait to express it.
What is the primary cause of Down syndrome?
What is the primary cause of Down syndrome?
The condition where an organism has an abnormal number of chromosomes is known as ______.
The condition where an organism has an abnormal number of chromosomes is known as ______.
Match the following chromosomal abnormalities with their descriptions:
Match the following chromosomal abnormalities with their descriptions:
What role did Thomas Morgan play in genetics?
What role did Thomas Morgan play in genetics?
Linked genes are less likely to be inherited together compared to genes that are far apart on the same chromosome.
Linked genes are less likely to be inherited together compared to genes that are far apart on the same chromosome.
What is hemizygous?
What is hemizygous?
A person who carries a genetic mutation but does not express the associated condition is known as a ______.
A person who carries a genetic mutation but does not express the associated condition is known as a ______.
Match the following scientists with their contributions to genetics:
Match the following scientists with their contributions to genetics:
What is a common symptom of Turner Syndrome?
What is a common symptom of Turner Syndrome?
What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?
What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?
Chromosomal alterations can include deletions and duplications.
Chromosomal alterations can include deletions and duplications.
The leading strand is synthesized in pieces known as Okazaki fragments.
The leading strand is synthesized in pieces known as Okazaki fragments.
What is trisomy?
What is trisomy?
The wild type notation for red eyes in fruit flies is ______.
The wild type notation for red eyes in fruit flies is ______.
What are the three main components involved in protein synthesis?
What are the three main components involved in protein synthesis?
During transcription, RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from a _____ template.
During transcription, RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from a _____ template.
Match the following enzymes with their functions:
Match the following enzymes with their functions:
What is the start codon for protein synthesis?
What is the start codon for protein synthesis?
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the nucleus.
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the nucleus.
What type of RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes?
What type of RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes?
Okazaki fragments are characteristic of the _____ strand during DNA replication.
Okazaki fragments are characteristic of the _____ strand during DNA replication.
Match the following processes with their respective definitions:
Match the following processes with their respective definitions:
Which of the following statements about mRNA is correct?
Which of the following statements about mRNA is correct?
DNA mutations can have large impacts on an organism's traits.
DNA mutations can have large impacts on an organism's traits.
Name one type of mutation and describe it briefly.
Name one type of mutation and describe it briefly.
The half-life of human mRNA is approximately _____ hours.
The half-life of human mRNA is approximately _____ hours.
Which of the following correctly describes homologous chromosomes?
Which of the following correctly describes homologous chromosomes?
What is the role of centromeres during mitosis?
What is the role of centromeres during mitosis?
In __________, a single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells.
In __________, a single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells.
Match the following phases of the cell cycle with their primary purposes:
Match the following phases of the cell cycle with their primary purposes:
Sister chromatids are different from homologous chromosomes.
Sister chromatids are different from homologous chromosomes.
What are gametes and how do they differ from somatic cells?
What are gametes and how do they differ from somatic cells?
What is produced at the end of meiosis?
What is produced at the end of meiosis?
Sister chromatids are separated during anaphase I of meiosis.
Sister chromatids are separated during anaphase I of meiosis.
What type of cell division do somatic cells primarily undergo?
What type of cell division do somatic cells primarily undergo?
The process of homologous chromosomes pairing up is known as __________.
The process of homologous chromosomes pairing up is known as __________.
What are the sex chromosomes for typical females?
What are the sex chromosomes for typical females?
Match the following stages of mitosis with their descriptions:
Match the following stages of mitosis with their descriptions:
All genes are located on the X and Y chromosomes.
All genes are located on the X and Y chromosomes.
Which of the following describes crossing over?
Which of the following describes crossing over?
Which term describes the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis?
Which term describes the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis?
Meiosis results in identical daughter cells.
Meiosis results in identical daughter cells.
Klinefelter syndrome is characterized by the presence of an extra ______ chromosome in males.
Klinefelter syndrome is characterized by the presence of an extra ______ chromosome in males.
Match the chromosomal alterations with their definitions:
Match the chromosomal alterations with their definitions:
What is the role of the centrosome during cell division?
What is the role of the centrosome during cell division?
During _________________, chromosomes line up double stacked in homologous pairs.
During _________________, chromosomes line up double stacked in homologous pairs.
Which syndrome is characterized by a person with one X chromosome?
Which syndrome is characterized by a person with one X chromosome?
What occurs after the sperm enters the secondary oocyte?
What occurs after the sperm enters the secondary oocyte?
Individuals with Turner Syndrome are typically male.
Individuals with Turner Syndrome are typically male.
The acrosomal reaction occurs after the fertilization envelope is formed.
The acrosomal reaction occurs after the fertilization envelope is formed.
What is the primary genetic material that transmits traits between bacteria?
What is the primary genetic material that transmits traits between bacteria?
What is an example of asexual reproduction?
What is an example of asexual reproduction?
Independent assortment refers to the random distribution of chromosomes during gamete formation.
Independent assortment refers to the random distribution of chromosomes during gamete formation.
What is the term for the hollow sphere of cells formed during embryonic development?
What is the term for the hollow sphere of cells formed during embryonic development?
The wild type for fruit fly eye color is _____ eyes.
The wild type for fruit fly eye color is _____ eyes.
What is the result of spermatogenesis?
What is the result of spermatogenesis?
In Mendel's experiments, the P generation consisted of _____ plants.
In Mendel's experiments, the P generation consisted of _____ plants.
What is a common outcome of trisomy 21?
What is a common outcome of trisomy 21?
The X chromosome can contain dominant or recessive genes.
The X chromosome can contain dominant or recessive genes.
During telophase II, we end up with __________ cells.
During telophase II, we end up with __________ cells.
Which type of fertilization involves the male depositing sperm inside the female's reproductive tract?
Which type of fertilization involves the male depositing sperm inside the female's reproductive tract?
Who was the scientist that studied Drosophila melanogaster to understand inheritance patterns?
Who was the scientist that studied Drosophila melanogaster to understand inheritance patterns?
What does Mendel's law of independent assortment state?
What does Mendel's law of independent assortment state?
An individual requires one copy of a recessive allele for it to be expressed.
An individual requires one copy of a recessive allele for it to be expressed.
The ______ is the genetic condition resulting from deletion on chromosome 5.
The ______ is the genetic condition resulting from deletion on chromosome 5.
Match the following syndromes with their genetic characteristics:
Match the following syndromes with their genetic characteristics:
What is the common phenotypic ratio observed in Mendel's F2 generation for single-trait crosses?
What is the common phenotypic ratio observed in Mendel's F2 generation for single-trait crosses?
The process where one gene affects the expression of another gene is called ______.
The process where one gene affects the expression of another gene is called ______.
Match the following types of dominance with their definitions:
Match the following types of dominance with their definitions:
What is the outcome of the sperm acrosomal reaction?
What is the outcome of the sperm acrosomal reaction?
Polygenic inheritance means that multiple genes influence multiple traits.
Polygenic inheritance means that multiple genes influence multiple traits.
What type of alleles are represented by uppercase letters?
What type of alleles are represented by uppercase letters?
The central part of a chromosome that holds sister chromatids together is called the ______.
The central part of a chromosome that holds sister chromatids together is called the ______.
What term describes the observable expression of genes in an individual?
What term describes the observable expression of genes in an individual?
What is the first enzyme involved in DNA replication that unwinds the DNA strands?
What is the first enzyme involved in DNA replication that unwinds the DNA strands?
The leading strand of DNA is formed continuously.
The leading strand of DNA is formed continuously.
What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?
What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?
The ______ are the sequences in mRNA that actually code for proteins.
The ______ are the sequences in mRNA that actually code for proteins.
Which of the following sequences signals the start of protein synthesis?
Which of the following sequences signals the start of protein synthesis?
Mutations can have no impact or a significant impact on an organism's DNA.
Mutations can have no impact or a significant impact on an organism's DNA.
What is unique about the process of transcription in prokaryotes compared to eukaryotes?
What is unique about the process of transcription in prokaryotes compared to eukaryotes?
The enzyme that seals gaps between Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand is called ______.
The enzyme that seals gaps between Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand is called ______.
Match the enzyme to its function in the DNA replication process.
Match the enzyme to its function in the DNA replication process.
What structure begins the process of replication?
What structure begins the process of replication?
The codon sequence in RNA is made up of three nucleotides that correspond to an amino acid.
The codon sequence in RNA is made up of three nucleotides that correspond to an amino acid.
What are the stop codons in the genetic code?
What are the stop codons in the genetic code?
Which type of mutation involves swapping one nucleotide for another?
Which type of mutation involves swapping one nucleotide for another?
During the elongation phase of translation, ______ brings in amino acids to the ribosome.
During the elongation phase of translation, ______ brings in amino acids to the ribosome.
What is the term for the editing step that occurs between transcription and translation in eukaryotes?
What is the term for the editing step that occurs between transcription and translation in eukaryotes?
