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Questions and Answers
What structure is needed for the separation of chromatids during mitosis?
What structure is needed for the separation of chromatids during mitosis?
- Centrosome
- Centriole
- Centromere (correct)
- Cell Plate
Cancer cells respond normally to signals that tell them to stop dividing.
Cancer cells respond normally to signals that tell them to stop dividing.
False (B)
What is the term for the capacity of a stem cell to produce different cell types?
What is the term for the capacity of a stem cell to produce different cell types?
potency
The introduction of new adult stem cells into damaged tissue to treat a disease or injury is called __________.
The introduction of new adult stem cells into damaged tissue to treat a disease or injury is called __________.
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
What is the primary function of the centrosome in animal cells?
What is the primary function of the centrosome in animal cells?
Cytokinesis in plant cells involves the formation of a cleavage furrow.
Cytokinesis in plant cells involves the formation of a cleavage furrow.
What happens during the phase of anaphase in mitosis?
What happens during the phase of anaphase in mitosis?
The process by which the cytoplasm is divided into two daughter cells is called _____.
The process by which the cytoplasm is divided into two daughter cells is called _____.
Match the following mitosis-related terms with their descriptions:
Match the following mitosis-related terms with their descriptions:
Which action does the contractile ring perform during cytokinesis in animal cells?
Which action does the contractile ring perform during cytokinesis in animal cells?
Plant cells have visible centrioles and asters during mitosis.
Plant cells have visible centrioles and asters during mitosis.
How many times can stem cells divide by mitosis?
How many times can stem cells divide by mitosis?
Which phase of mitosis involves the chromosomes lining up across the equator of the spindle?
Which phase of mitosis involves the chromosomes lining up across the equator of the spindle?
The G1 phase is primarily focused on the synthesis of DNA.
The G1 phase is primarily focused on the synthesis of DNA.
What role do centrioles play in cell division?
What role do centrioles play in cell division?
In the __________ stage of mitosis, the nuclear envelope starts to reform around the separated chromosomes.
In the __________ stage of mitosis, the nuclear envelope starts to reform around the separated chromosomes.
Match the following phases of the cell cycle with their descriptions:
Match the following phases of the cell cycle with their descriptions:
What is the main purpose of mitosis?
What is the main purpose of mitosis?
Chromosomes are pulled to the opposite poles during anaphase.
Chromosomes are pulled to the opposite poles during anaphase.
Describe the role of centrosomes during mitosis.
Describe the role of centrosomes during mitosis.
The process of __________ produces two genetically identical daughter cells.
The process of __________ produces two genetically identical daughter cells.
Which of the following is a characteristic of stem cells?
Which of the following is a characteristic of stem cells?
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Study Notes
Mitosis
- The separation of chromatids during mitosis requires the microtubule spindle fibers.
- Centrioles are structures that form the microtubule spindle fibers.
- Centrioles are located near the nucleus of the cell and replicate during the S phase of interphase.
- The separation of chromatids during anaphase results in two identical sets of chromosomes being pulled to the opposite ends of the cell.
- Cytokinesis is the process that divides the cytoplasm, forming two daughter cells.
- Cleavage furrow is a structure that forms during cytokinesis in animal cells and is responsible for dividing the cytoplasm.
- Contractile ring is a structure made up of actin filaments and myosin that contracts and pinches off the cell membrane, resulting in the formation of the cleavage furrow.
- Telophase is the phase where the nuclear envelope reforms around the separated chromosomes, and the nucleoli reappear.
- Chromosomes line up along the equator of the spindle during metaphase.
- Stem cells can divide repeatedly by mitosis.
- Mitosis is responsible for producing two genetically identical daughter cells.
Cell Cycle
- The cell cycle refers to the process by which cells grow and divide.
- The cell cycle has four phases: G1, S, G2, and M.
- The G1 phase is characterized by cell growth.
- The S phase is characterized by DNA synthesis.
- The G2 phase is characterized by preparation for mitosis.
- The M phase includes both mitosis and cytokinesis.
Stem Cells
- Stem cells are characterized by their ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types.
- Pluripotency refers to the ability of a stem cell to produce different cell types.
- Therapeutic cloning refers to the introduction of new adult stem cells into damaged tissue to treat a disease or injury.
- Cancer cells are characterized by uncontrolled growth and division. Cancer cells do not respond normally to signals that tell them to stop dividing.
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