Cell Biology Quiz: DNA and Organelles
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Questions and Answers

What forms nucleosomes in DNA?

  • Binding to mRNA
  • Coiling around histone molecules (correct)
  • Pairing with other DNA strands
  • Connecting to ribosomes

    • What happens to DNA in nondividing cells?

  • It is loosely coiled as chromatin (correct)
  • It remains straight and untangled
  • It replicates to produce new chromosomes
  • It is tightly coiled into chromosomes

    • Which statement correctly describes a gene?

  • It contains all nucleotides needed to produce specific proteins (correct)
  • It is the specific sequence of amino acids in a protein
  • It replicates itself to form new genes
  • It is the physical structure of chromosomes

    • During transcription, what is produced from the DNA template?

    <p>RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the triplet code in DNA?

    <p>Every three nucleotides specify a single amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Storage and packaging of synthesized products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein cannot be removed from the cell membrane without causing damage?

    <p>Integral proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of ATP required by the cell is produced by mitochondria?

    <p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures are part of the plasma membrane's composition?

    <p>Phospholipid bilayer and carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

    <p>Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of glycoproteins?

    <p>Transporting molecules across membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

    <p>Control of metabolism and genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the structure of the mitochondrion?

    <p>Double membrane with inner folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does the plasma membrane perform related to environmental interactions?

    <p>Regulation of exchange with the external environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein class is responsible for binding extracellular molecules?

    <p>Receptor proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural role do microvilli serve in a cell?

    <p>Increase surface area for absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component forms the strongest and most durable parts of the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Intermediate filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of channel proteins in the plasma membrane?

    <p>Facilitating passive movement of water and small solutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein is specifically involved in stabilizing the plasma membrane's position?

    <p>Anchoring proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary substance composes the core of microvilli?

    <p>Microfilaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding ligands is true?

    <p>Ligands bind specifically to receptor proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of RNA polymerase during transcription?

    <p>To assemble an mRNA strand complementary to DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to introns during the processing of immature RNA?

    <p>They are removed from the RNA strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During transcription, what indicates the end of the process?

    <p>The reaching of a stop codon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of codons in the mRNA sequence?

    <p>They code for specific amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the process of editing immature RNA important?

    <p>It reduces the length of the mRNA strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cellular compartment does translation primarily occur?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transport requires ATP during membrane transport?

    <p>Carrier-mediated transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nucleotides are found in RNA but not in DNA?

    <p>Uracil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of an isotonic solution?

    <p>Does not cause osmotic flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary effect of a hypotonic solution on cells?

    <p>Increases cell volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of administering a hypertonic solution?

    <p>Cells may undergo crenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial step in receptor-mediated endocytosis?

    <p>Ligand binding to receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes carrier-mediated transport?

    <p>Relies on carrier proteins for transporting hydrophilic or large molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transport is endocytosis classified as?

    <p>Vesicular transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key distinction between cotransport and other forms of transportation?

    <p>Cotransport moves multiple substances in the same direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of maintaining homeostasis in relation to active transport?

    <p>To actively regulate ion concentrations within cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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