Cell Biology Quiz: DNA and Organelles
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Questions and Answers

What forms nucleosomes in DNA?

  • Binding to mRNA
  • Coiling around histone molecules (correct)
  • Pairing with other DNA strands
  • Connecting to ribosomes

What happens to DNA in nondividing cells?

  • It is loosely coiled as chromatin (correct)
  • It remains straight and untangled
  • It replicates to produce new chromosomes
  • It is tightly coiled into chromosomes

Which statement correctly describes a gene?

  • It contains all nucleotides needed to produce specific proteins (correct)
  • It is the specific sequence of amino acids in a protein
  • It replicates itself to form new genes
  • It is the physical structure of chromosomes

During transcription, what is produced from the DNA template?

<p>RNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the triplet code in DNA?

<p>Every three nucleotides specify a single amino acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

<p>Storage and packaging of synthesized products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein cannot be removed from the cell membrane without causing damage?

<p>Integral proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of ATP required by the cell is produced by mitochondria?

<p>95% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are part of the plasma membrane's composition?

<p>Phospholipid bilayer and carbohydrates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

<p>Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of glycoproteins?

<p>Transporting molecules across membranes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

<p>Control of metabolism and genetic information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the structure of the mitochondrion?

<p>Double membrane with inner folds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does the plasma membrane perform related to environmental interactions?

<p>Regulation of exchange with the external environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein class is responsible for binding extracellular molecules?

<p>Receptor proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structural role do microvilli serve in a cell?

<p>Increase surface area for absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component forms the strongest and most durable parts of the cytoskeleton?

<p>Intermediate filaments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of channel proteins in the plasma membrane?

<p>Facilitating passive movement of water and small solutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein is specifically involved in stabilizing the plasma membrane's position?

<p>Anchoring proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary substance composes the core of microvilli?

<p>Microfilaments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding ligands is true?

<p>Ligands bind specifically to receptor proteins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of RNA polymerase during transcription?

<p>To assemble an mRNA strand complementary to DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to introns during the processing of immature RNA?

<p>They are removed from the RNA strand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During transcription, what indicates the end of the process?

<p>The reaching of a stop codon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of codons in the mRNA sequence?

<p>They code for specific amino acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the process of editing immature RNA important?

<p>It reduces the length of the mRNA strand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cellular compartment does translation primarily occur?

<p>Cytoplasm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of transport requires ATP during membrane transport?

<p>Carrier-mediated transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nucleotides are found in RNA but not in DNA?

<p>Uracil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an isotonic solution?

<p>Does not cause osmotic flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary effect of a hypotonic solution on cells?

<p>Increases cell volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of administering a hypertonic solution?

<p>Cells may undergo crenation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial step in receptor-mediated endocytosis?

<p>Ligand binding to receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes carrier-mediated transport?

<p>Relies on carrier proteins for transporting hydrophilic or large molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of transport is endocytosis classified as?

<p>Vesicular transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction between cotransport and other forms of transportation?

<p>Cotransport moves multiple substances in the same direction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of maintaining homeostasis in relation to active transport?

<p>To actively regulate ion concentrations within cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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