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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the nucleus?
What is the process of converting energy and nutrients into the components that make up a cell?
Which organelle is responsible for cellular digestion and recycling?
What is the ability of a cell to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment?
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What is the process of cells communicating with each other through signaling pathways?
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Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
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Study Notes
Cell Function Overview
Cell function refers to the various activities and processes that take place within a cell to maintain its survival, growth, and response to its environment.
Cellular Processes
- Metabolism: the process of converting energy and nutrients into the components that make up a cell
- Protein Synthesis: the process of creating proteins, which are essential for cellular structure and function
- Cell Division: the process of a cell dividing into two daughter cells, including mitosis and meiosis
- Cell Signaling: the process of cells communicating with each other through signaling pathways
- Transportation: the movement of molecules and ions into and out of the cell
Cell Functions by Organelle
- Nucleus: contains genetic material, regulates gene expression
- Mitochondria: generates energy for the cell through cellular respiration
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): involved in protein synthesis, transport, and modification
- Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis
- Lysosomes: responsible for cellular digestion and recycling
- Golgi Apparatus: involved in protein modification and transport
- Plasma Membrane: regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cell
Cellular Responses
- Homeostasis: the ability of a cell to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment
- Adaptation: the ability of a cell to change its structure or function in response to changes in the environment
- Cellular Defense: the cell's ability to defend itself against pathogens, toxins, and other harmful substances
Cell Function Overview
- Cell function refers to the various activities and processes that take place within a cell to maintain its survival, growth, and response to its environment.
Cellular Processes
- Metabolism involves converting energy and nutrients into cellular components.
- Protein synthesis is the process of creating proteins essential for cellular structure and function.
- Cell division involves a cell dividing into two daughter cells through mitosis and meiosis.
- Cell signaling enables cells to communicate with each other through signaling pathways.
- Transportation involves the movement of molecules and ions into and out of the cell.
Cell Functions by Organelle
Nucleus
- Contains genetic material and regulates gene expression.
Mitochondria
- Generates energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- Involved in protein synthesis, transport, and modification.
Ribosomes
- Site of protein synthesis.
Lysosomes
- Responsible for cellular digestion and recycling.
Golgi Apparatus
- Involved in protein modification and transport.
Plasma Membrane
- Regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.
Cellular Responses
- Homeostasis is the ability of a cell to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
- Adaptation is the ability of a cell to change its structure or function in response to environmental changes.
- Cellular defense is the cell's ability to defend itself against pathogens, toxins, and other harmful substances.
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Description
Learn about the various cellular processes that occur within a cell, including metabolism, protein synthesis, and cell division.