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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of proteins in organisms?
Proteins perform a variety of functions, including enzyme catalysis, transport, and structural support.
What is the role of nucleic acids in organisms?
Nucleic acids contain genetic information and provide instructions for the development and function of organisms.
What is the purpose of photosynthesis in plants and other organisms?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
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What is the main principle of natural selection?
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What is the study of phylogeny?
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What is the primary focus of the scientific study of biology?
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What branch of biology deals with the study of plants and their interactions with the environment?
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What is the level of organization that focuses on the study of groups of organs that work together to perform specific functions?
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What is the main function of carbohydrates in cells?
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What branch of biology deals with the study of the chemical processes that occur within living organisms?
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What is the level of organization that focuses on the study of individual living things, such as plants and animals?
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Study Notes
Overview of Biology
- Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms.
- It explores the structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy of all living things.
Branches of Biology
- Botany: study of plants and their interactions with the environment.
- Zoology: study of animals and their interactions with the environment.
- Microbiology: study of microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses.
- Ecology: study of the relationships between organisms and their environment.
- Genetics: study of heredity, genes, and genetic variation.
- Biochemistry: study of the chemical processes that occur within living organisms.
Levels of Organization
- Molecular: study of the structure and function of biomolecules, such as DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- Cellular: study of the structure and function of cells, the basic units of life.
- Tissue: study of groups of similar cells that perform specific functions.
- Organ: study of structures composed of two or more types of tissue that perform specific functions.
- Organ System: study of groups of organs that work together to perform specific functions.
- Organism: study of individual living things, such as plants and animals.
- Ecosystem: study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.
Biological Molecules
- Carbohydrates: provide energy and structural support for cells.
- Proteins: perform a variety of functions, including enzyme catalysis, transport, and structural support.
- Nucleic Acids: contain genetic information and provide instructions for the development and function of organisms.
- Lipids: provide energy, structural support, and participate in cellular signaling.
Cellular Processes
- Photosynthesis: process by which plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy.
- Cellular Respiration: process by which cells generate energy from the breakdown of glucose.
- Mitosis: process of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- Meiosis: process of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Evolution
- Theory of Evolution: explains how species change over time through the process of natural selection.
- Natural Selection: process by which individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
- Speciation: process by which a new species emerges from an existing one.
- Phylogeny: study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of biology, including the branches of biology, levels of organization, biological molecules, cellular processes, and evolution. It's a great introduction to the scientific study of life and living organisms.
