Cell Biology: Cellular Organization and Differentiation

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Questions and Answers

What is the fundamental unit of life?

Biosystem
Cell (correct)
Organ
Tissue

All living organisms are unicellular.

False (B)

What process begins very rapidly after an organism starts as a single cell?

Cell division (mitosis)

Eukaryotic cells contain a __________, which prokaryotic cells lack.

<p>nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Prokaryotes = Organisms with cells that lack a nucleus Eukaryotes = Organisms with cells containing a nucleus and organelles Multicellular Organism = Organism composed of many interconnected cells Cell Differentiation = The process by which cells become specialized for specific functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a cell?

The smallest unit of life, capable of carrying out all life processes.

What is a unicellular organism?

Organisms made up of only one cell. These cells must perform all life functions on their own.

What is a multicellular organism?

Organisms composed of many cells, where each cell has a specialized role to support the organism's survival.

What is cell differentiation?

The process by which cells become specialized to perform specific functions.

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What is mitosis?

The division of a single cell into two identical daughter cells. This is essential for growth and development in multicellular organisms.

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Study Notes

Cellular Organization and Differentiation

All living things are composed of cells
Cells in multicellular organisms have different functions
Cells work together for survival and life

Unicellular Organisms

The smallest unit of life
Perform all life functions within a single cell
Examples include: absorbing nutrients, reacting to the environment, disposing of waste, growing, and reproducing
Prokaryotes: lack membrane-bound organelles (e.g., bacteria)
Eukaryotes: have membrane-bound organelles (e.g., amoeba, Paramecium)
Unicellular organisms may exist in colonies or individually