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Questions and Answers
What percentage of abortions occur in the first trimester?
What percentage of abortions occur in the first trimester?
Which condition is NOT listed as an endocrinological disorder that can cause abortion?
Which condition is NOT listed as an endocrinological disorder that can cause abortion?
Which of the following is a potential cause of miscarriage due to infections?
Which of the following is a potential cause of miscarriage due to infections?
What mechanism describes a scenario where small bleeding may lead to a reversible situation?
What mechanism describes a scenario where small bleeding may lead to a reversible situation?
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Which statement about the timing of abortions is accurate?
Which statement about the timing of abortions is accurate?
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Study Notes
Abortion (Miscarriage) Causes
- Intrauterine adhesions or myoma: Conditions involving abnormal tissue growth within the uterus.
- Endocrinological disorders: Examples include hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, and PCOS.
- Immunological causes: Such as antiphospholipid syndrome.
- Chronic medical disorders: Examples include diabetes (DM) or kidney failure.
- Infections: Examples are toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus.
Iatrogenic Causes of Abortion
- Medical termination: Used in cases of severe heart disease during pregnancy.
- Criminal acts: Often involving illegal actions.
- Wrong medications or radiation exposure: Including exposure to harmful substances.
Timing of Abortion
- First trimester (before 12 weeks): Accounts for 80% of cases.
- Fetal genetic abnormalities
- Unexplained causes
- Immunological disorders
- Blood clotting disorders (thrombophilia)
- Infections
- Second trimester (12 to 24 weeks): Accounts for 20% of cases.
- Cervical incompetence
- Uterine factors
- Congenital fetal abnormalities
- Iatrogenic causes
- Unexplained
Mechanism of Abortion
- Bleeding: Between the chorion and decidua, separating anchoring villi.
- Mild bleeding: May be reversible (threatened abortion) with small subchorionic hematomas.
- Large hematomas: Separate the sac from the uterine decidua resulting in uterine contractions and expulsion.
Types of Abortion
- The nature of the bleeding and timing of occurrence are used to classify the different types.
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Description
This quiz explores the various causes of abortion and miscarriage, including intrauterine conditions, endocrinological disorders, and immunological factors. It also touches on iatrogenic causes and the timing associated with different stages of pregnancy loss. Test your knowledge on these critical topics.
