Questions and Answers
Which term describes an enzyme?
Which component is released from the active site of an enzyme during a chemical reaction?
Product
The lock-and-key mechanism refers to?
The complementary shapes of an enzyme and a substrate.
Which two substances bind using a lock-and-key mechanism?
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Which is the best definition of activation energy?
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What is a substrate?
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Which statement best describes how a catalyst can speed up a chemical reaction?
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Photosynthesis is an example of?
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Describe the method a researcher should use to determine if the inorganic substance A affects the reaction rate between liquids X and Y.
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How can a student identify the catalyst in her experiment with substances X, Y, and Z?
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How does a catalyst work?
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Which statement correctly describes a chemical reaction?
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Lactase and carbonic anhydrase are examples of what type of substance?
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What must happen before a chemical reaction can begin?
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A substance that influences the reaction but does not participate in the reaction is a?
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Study Notes
Catalysts Overview
- Enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, enhancing reaction rates without being consumed.
- Catalysts lower activation energy, creating alternative pathways for reactions to occur.
Key Terms and Definitions
- Catalyst: A substance, typically an enzyme, that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by decreasing the activation energy needed.
- Product: The result of a chemical reaction formed from the substrate after being released from the enzyme's active site.
- Substrate: The specific reactant molecule that is acted upon by an enzyme.
- Activation Energy: The energy threshold needed to initiate a chemical reaction, involving bond formation or breakage.
Mechanisms of Catalysis
- The lock-and-key mechanism describes how enzymes and substrates fit together perfectly due to their complementary shapes.
- Reactions such as photosynthesis are classified as endothermic, requiring energy input to proceed.
Experimental Designs
- To test if an inorganic substance affects reaction rates, measure the time taken for liquids to clear with and without the substance.
- In a controlled experiment with substances X, Y, and Z, the quickest test tube to stop bubbling indicates the presence of the catalyst.
Chemical Reaction Dynamics
- During a chemical reaction, bonds between atoms break and re-form to form new products.
- The presence of a catalyst leads to faster reactions by optimizing the pathways for molecular interactions.
Examples of Enzymes
- Lactase and carbonic anhydrase are specific enzymes that facilitate biochemical processes within the body.
Requirements for Reactions
- Activation energy must be achieved to initiate any chemical reaction; without it, reactions will not proceed.
Conclusion
- Catalysts are crucial for speeding up reactions, making them vital in both natural biological processes and industrial applications.
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Description
Test your knowledge of catalysts and enzymes with this set of flashcards. Each card poses a question related to the functioning and characteristics of enzymes, including the lock-and-key mechanism. Perfect for students studying biology or biochemistry.
