Case Study on Addiction - Group 5
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Questions and Answers

What is addiction described as, according to the case study?

A complex behavior influenced by various biological factors, including brain structures, genetic predispositions, evolutionary influences, and the social functions it may serve.

What are the four different biological explanations for addiction explored in the case study?

  • Physiological, Ontogenetic, Evolutionary, Functional (correct)
  • Neurological, Cognitive, Physical, Emotional
  • Psychological, Behavioral, Environmental, Social
  • Genetic, Hormonal, Chemical, Physiological

    • What is the physiological explanation for addiction?

    Drug addition alters the brain's neurotransmitter functions, particularly dopamine and glutamate, disrupting mood, motivation, and cognition.

    What is the ontogenetic explanation for addiction?

    <p>It examines the genetic predisposition and environmental factors that contribute to addiction development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the evolutionary explanation for addiction suggest?

    <p>Psychotropic plants have been used throughout human history, and their potency was much lower than modern drugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the functional explanation for addiction propose?

    <p>Substance use often serves as a coping mechanism for difficult emotions, social pressures, or personal challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key point of the physiological explanation for addiction?

    <p>Drug addiction alters the brain's neurotransmitter functions, particularly dopamine and glutamate, disrupting mood, motivation, and cognition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key point of the ontogenetic explanation for addiction?

    <p>Sarah may have inherited a predisposition to addictive behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key point of the evolutionary explanation for addiction?

    <p>Human bodies, evolved for low-potency substances, are not adapted to the high potency of modern drugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key point of the functional explanation for addiction?

    <p>Addiction often arises as a way to manage stress, anxiety, or emotional pain, with substances providing temporary relief.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case study, Sarah's addiction to alcohol predates her dependence on opioids.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Physiological explanations center primarily on the behavior and social factors surrounding addiction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ontogenetic explanation suggests that an individual's predisposition towards addiction is solely determined by their genetic makeup.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The evolutionary explanation argues that early humans were more likely to develop addiction due to the high potency of available psychotropic plants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The functional explanation suggests that addiction can serve as a long-term solution to address underlying problems.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Case Study Presentation - Group 5

    • The presentation covers a case study on addiction, exploring different biological explanations.
    • Addiction is a complex behavior influenced by biological factors such as brain structures, genetic predispositions, evolutionary influences, and social functions.
    • The case study, featuring Sarah, focuses on a 32-year-old woman with a decade-long substance abuse problem.
    • Sarah initially drank casually but developed a dependency on alcohol and later opioids, which has negatively impacted her family, finances, and relationships.

    Different Biological Explanations

    • Physiological: Relates to the activity of the brain and other organs.

    • Drug use alters neurotransmitters (dopamine and glutamate), impacting mood, motivation, and cognition, and creates a tolerance, needing higher substance consumption to achieve the same effect.

    • This impairment of the prefrontal cortex, responsible for impulse control and decision-making, leads to struggles managing cravings and behavior.

    • Ontogenetic: Focuses on the influence of genes, nutrition, experience, and their interactions in the development of structure or behavior.

    • Sarah's addiction might be attributed to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental influences.

    • Early exposure to alcohol and peer pressure, poor family guidance, and potentially irresponsible behaviors in her life.

    • Evolutionary: Examines the evolutionary history of a structure or behavior.

    • Psychotropic plants, used for survival by early humans, now are associated with addiction due to the potency exceeding the body's evolutionary adaptations.

    • Ancient plants had lower potency and were different from today's potent drugs, making humans more susceptible.

    • Functional: Describes why a structure or behavior evolved as it did.

    • Substance use can be a coping mechanism for difficult emotions, social pressures, or personal challenges, especially in Sarah's case, with early-adulthood stress.

    • Peer influence and self-medication can reinforce and perpetuate the cycle of dependence, while hindering efforts to address underlying struggles.

    Key Points

    • Drug use alters neurotransmitter functions, resulting in disruptions of mood, motivation, and cognition.
    • Addiction cycles include tolerance, cravings, and impaired self-control.
    • Prefrontal cortex impairment weakens impulse control and decision-making.
    • Genetic factors and negative life experiences can contribute to addictive behaviors, and environmental influences might increase the risk.
    • The natural potency of ancient plants was considerably lower than that of modern drugs.
    • Substance use, as a coping mechanism, can exacerbate problems, rather than resolve them.

    References (Note: This section contains information that's not presented in summary form in the images)

    • Several academic sources are present in the slide provided. These include studies on topics relating to addiction, the brain, and neurobiology.

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    Related Documents

    Biopsych Case Study PDF

    Description

    This presentation examines a detailed case study of addiction through the lens of biological explanations. It features the story of Sarah, a 32-year-old woman grappling with substance abuse, highlighting the physiological effects and the influence of brain structures on her behavior. Explore the complex interplay of genetics, evolution, and social factors in addiction.

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