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What societal element was primarily attacked for betraying British traditions of fair play and sportsmanship?
Which phrase was used in newspaper headlines to describe the chaos caused by cycling activities in the late 1890s?
Which term was first used in the late 1890s to describe delinquent youth engaging in violent behaviors?
What was the public concern regarding the youth's activities during seaside resorts on Bank Holidays?
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In Baden-Powell's view, which characteristic was the youth of his time compared unfavorably against?
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What type of incidents was reported concerning Hooligan gangs in the 1890s?
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How did the perceptions of youth behavior in the early twentieth century reflect broader societal concerns?
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What common criticism related to young men was highlighted by Baden-Powell regarding their demeanor?
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What is one potential biological factor that might predispose individuals to commit violent crimes?
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Which condition is specifically mentioned as being linked to impulsive criminal behavior?
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Which aspect of the brain is noted for its role in controlling actions and understanding consequences?
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What is highlighted as a criticism against biological explanations of criminal behavior?
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What is the relevance of considering biology in understanding criminal behavior according to the introduction?
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Which theory suggests a link between genetic inheritance and violent crime?
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Which of the following biological characteristics is not mentioned as a potential explanation for criminal behavior?
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What can be inferred about the relationship between biological factors and criminal behavior according to the chapter's theme?
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What is implied by Emsley's assertion about the existence of a 'criminal class' in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries?
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According to Emsley, what played a significant role in the under-recording of criminal activity before the police emerged?
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Sharpe's characterization of the 'early modern criminal' highlights which of the following?
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What role did communities play in the control of crime before the establishment of a professional police force?
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What type of criminal activity was most common in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries according to Emsley?
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In discussing community responses to crime, what does the term 'nuisance offenders' refer to?
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What does Sharpe suggest about the organization of crime during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
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What does Emsley's discussion imply about societal perceptions of crime during the Victorian era?
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Why can consciousness be considered an emergent property?
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What does the analogy of composing a love poem on a computer illustrate?
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What does the statement 'the levels that you use need to reflect the question you want to answer' imply?
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What is one of the propositions accepted by today's biological researchers regarding the mind?
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How is the relationship between lower and higher levels of understanding best described?
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Which question exemplifies a type of inquiry relevant to understanding aggression in the context of brain function?
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What does the term 'emergent property' refer to in the context provided?
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What challenges arise when trying to explain psychological concepts using biological explanations alone?
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What was Lombroso's argument regarding the physical features of criminals?
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In 'Crime and Punishment', how does Dostoyevsky address the relationship between appearance and morality?
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What did Lombroso find when studying criminals for signs of stigmata?
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What common factor did Lombroso fail to control for in his studies of criminals?
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What conclusion did Lombroso draw regarding anarchists in his later study?
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Which character in Oliver Twist is portrayed as having 'good genes'?
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What central idea is explored through the character development in Dickens' novels?
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How did the belief of physical appearance correlating with morality manifest in the 19th century?
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Study Notes
Biological Explanations for Criminal Behaviour
- Biology must be relevant to studying criminal behaviour as humans are biological organisms.
- Biological theories suggest criminal behaviour can be linked to inherited genes and mental health conditions like ADHD.
- The brain is seen as the cause of the mind, as the mind is modular, with different functions in the brain carrying out tasks.
- The brain is made up of many interconnecting systems.
- Early biological theories such as Lombroso's theory focused on identifying physical characteristics that could serve as indicators of criminal behaviour.
- Lombroso studied 383 criminals, looking for specific physical signs or "stigmata" like extra digits or facial asymmetry.
- He found that roughly 20% of criminals had one sign and over 40% had at least five signs.
- He concluded that having five or more stigmata meant a person was biologically destined to be a criminal.
- Lombroso also studied anarchists, finding a higher rate of stigmata among them than other political factions.
- However, Lombroso's methods were criticized as he didn't control for variables like mental illness and ethnicity.
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Description
Explore the biological theories behind criminal behaviour, focusing on inherited traits and mental health conditions. This quiz delves into concepts from early theories, such as Lombroso's stigmata, and examines how they relate to modern understandings of the mind and brain. Test your knowledge on the connections between biology and crime.
