80 Questions
What is the primary focus of planning in case management?
Establishing, modifying, and prioritizing the client's goals for intervention
What is the main objective of the implementation phase in case management?
Coordinating care
Why is the assessment of a client's needs a recurring process in case management?
Because the client's needs and situation change over time
What is the primary focus of the monitoring and review phase in case management?
Monitoring the effectiveness of the case management plan
What is the primary benefit of case management for patients?
All of the above
What is the role of an allied health or clinical mental health case manager?
To engage in active care coordination
What is an important aspect of resource allocation in case management?
Identifying the resources required to meet the client's goals
What is the ultimate goal of case management?
To achieve the client's desired quality of life
Where are internal case management services mainly provided?
In hospital acute, subacute, and inpatient rehabilitation settings
Who typically provides efficient and effective internal case management services?
Nursing staff and allied health professionals
When does the case management process and coordination of clinical care begin in a clinical setting?
At the moment of triage
What is the primary goal of internal case management services?
To coordinate internal and transitional hospital services during a single episode of care
What type of healthcare professionals are involved in internal case management services?
Both nursing staff and allied health professionals
In which setting is internal case management most commonly used?
Acute, subacute, and inpatient rehabilitation settings
What is the benefit of internal case management services?
All of the above
Who is responsible for implementing internal case management services?
Nursing staff
What determines the selection of an allied health professional or mental health clinician to provide case management services?
The specific care needs of the client, the care setting, and the professional background of the clinician
Why would an occupational therapist be a suitable case manager for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Because they can assist with activities of daily living and fall prevention
What is a benefit of matching clients with case managers who have the most relevant professional background, training, skills, and knowledge?
Improved care coordination and enhanced clinical outcomes
Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining the allocation of case management resources?
The availability of the clinician's schedule
What is an advantage of interdisciplinary approaches in case management?
Enhancing communication among healthcare providers
In which setting can case management services be provided?
In a variety of care settings
What is a benefit of effective case management for clients?
Improved clinical outcomes and enhanced care coordination
Who can provide case management services?
Allied health professionals and mental health clinicians
What can compromise the quality of care for patients or clients in allied and clinical mental health case management?
Lack of clarity in directions and expectations from supervisors/management
What determines the roles and responsibilities of allied health and clinical mental health case managers?
Care setting and model of practice used
In which care settings can allied health and clinical mental health case managers work?
Hospitals, community centers, hospices, and insurance companies
What can case managers specialize in?
Mental health and elder care
Which of the following is a type of model of practice used in case management?
Clinical and strength-based
Who are the authors of the book 'Clinical Mental Health Counseling: Practicing in Integrated Systems of Care'?
López, Levers, Lisa, and Debra Hyatt-Burkhart
What can be a consequence of poor organizational relationships in case management?
Compromised quality of care for patients or clients
In which year was the book 'Clinical Mental Health Counseling: Practicing in Integrated Systems of Care' published?
2019
What is a significant challenge faced by allied and clinical mental health professionals in their new roles?
Assuming systems-of-care and strength-based roles and functions new to their scope of practice and training
What is the primary goal of allied and clinical mental health professionals in client-system roles?
To act as a crisis manager, counselor, monitor, and educator
What is an example of a regulatory standard in the healthcare industry?
The Health Information Privacy and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996
What is a key aspect of service-system roles in allied and clinical mental health?
Managing client budgets and resources
Who is responsible for regulating the use of healthcare resources?
The service-system administrator
What is the primary focus of strength-based roles in allied and clinical mental health?
Identifying and building on client strengths
What is the benefit of having allied and clinical mental health professionals in healthcare settings?
They can offer a range of services and support to clients
Who is responsible for ensuring compliance with regulatory standards in healthcare?
All healthcare professionals and administrators
What is the recent emphasis in professional counseling?
Cultural competence and social justice
What is an important aspect of professional counseling?
Cultural competence and social justice
What is being embedded into existing and emerging approaches to professional counseling?
Cultural competence, cultural humility, and social justice
What is the focus of recent professional counseling literature?
Cultural competence, cultural humility, and social justice
What is an emerging approach in professional counseling?
Systemic and ecologically oriented approaches
What is a recent shift in professional counseling?
Emphasis on systemic and ecologically oriented approaches
What are recent trends in professional counseling?
Systemic and ecologically oriented approaches, cultural competence, and social justice
What is an important aspect of cultural competence in professional counseling?
Cultural humility
What is the core idea behind the bioecological model?
Individuals are influenced by multiple environmental systems.
What is the role of the chronosystem in the bioecological model?
It represents the temporal dimension of human development.
What is the significance of the bioecological model?
It provides a comprehensive framework for understanding human development across the lifespan.
What is the relationship between the individual and the environment in the bioecological model?
The individual is influenced by the environment.
What is the mesosystem in the bioecological model?
The interaction between two or more proximal social systems.
What is the role of proximal social systems in the bioecological model?
They have a direct influence on human development.
What is the significance of the exosystem in the bioecological model?
It represents the external social systems that influence human development.
What is the significance of the macrosystem in the bioecological model?
It represents the cultural context in which human development occurs.
What is represented by the chronosystem in Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory?
The cultural and sociohistorical context
How do macrosystemic features influence the individual?
Differently depending on the culture
What is an example of a sociohistorical influence on individuals?
The Great Depression on people living in the United States during the 1930s
How do sociohistorical influences differ among people living in developed versus developing contexts?
They are different among people living in developed or modern contexts versus those living in developing or traditional contexts
What is the chronosystem comprised of?
Personal time and sociohistorical time
What is an example of the impact of the technological era on individuals?
The impact on digital natives living during this time
What does the chronosystem represent in terms of the individual's lifespan?
From birth to death
Why is it important to consider the chronosystem in understanding the individual?
It helps to understand the impact of sociohistorical time on the individual
What is a crucial aspect of cultural humility in therapy?
Acknowledging power differences and privilege
What is a significant challenge in achieving social justice in healthcare?
Insufficient healthcare resources
What is an essential factor in promoting access to healthcare?
Cultural competence among healthcare professionals
What is a common consequence of community violence?
Reduced access to healthcare
What is a key aspect of integrated healthcare models?
Interdisciplinary approaches
What is a significant barrier to access to education in healthcare?
Cultural and linguistic barriers
What is an emerging approach in professional counseling?
Culturally sensitive care
What is a key aspect of social justice in professional counseling?
Advocating for systemic change
What is the significance of understanding the link between the practice of CMHC and the ecological perspective of the individual?
It is essential for understanding the landscape of integrated healthcare.
What has changed dramatically since the early genesis of the counseling profession?
The clinical landscape.
What is the primary reason for orienting the preservice training of clinical mental health counselors to an understanding of the changes and trends in the field?
To understand how these dynamics have taken root in practice and service provision.
What is the significance of understanding the ecological perspective of the individual in the context of CMHC?
It is critical for understanding the context for the profession that is presented in Chapter 2.
What is the primary focus of the current chapter in the book?
Linking the practice of CMHC with the importance of an ecological perspective of the individual.
What is the significance of the changes and trends in the field of CMHC?
They have taken root in practice and service provision.
What is the primary purpose of the current chapter in the book?
To link the practice of CMHC with the importance of an ecological perspective of the individual.
What is the significance of the ecological perspective of the individual in the context of CMHC?
It is critical for understanding the context for the profession that is presented in Chapter 2.
Study Notes
Case Management Process
- Assessment of a client's needs occurs repeatedly throughout the case management process as the client's needs and situation change.
- Planning involves establishing, modifying, and prioritizing the client's long-term and short-term goals for intervention, determining resources and health, social, and community services required to meet established goals.
- Implementation involves executing the case management plan, with objectives including engaging in active care coordination.
- Monitoring and Review involves monitoring the effectiveness of the case management plan, revising irrelevant plans, and addressing unforeseen problems.
Internal Case Management
- Internal case management services are provided mainly within hospital acute, subacute, and inpatient rehabilitation settings.
- These services coordinate internal and transitional hospital services during a single episode of care.
- Nursing staff and allied health professionals typically provide internal case management services.
Clinical Setting
- The case management process and coordination of clinical care begin at the moment of triage within a clinical setting.
- The determination of which allied health professional or mental health clinician is best suited to provide case management services depends on the client's specific care needs, care setting, and professional background of the clinician.
Role and Scope of Practice of Allied and Clinical Mental Health Case Management
- The roles and responsibilities of allied health and clinical mental health case managers vary depending on the care setting, model of practice, target population, and area of specialty.
- Allied health professionals may experience challenges in assuming new roles and functions, such as managing client budgets, monitoring resource use, and being gatekeepers to accessing services.
- Poor organizational relationships and lack of clarity in directions and expectations from supervisors/management can compromise the quality of care for patients or clients by allied and clinical mental health case managers.
Shift in Professional Counseling
- Focus has shifted to systemic and ecologically oriented approaches to counseling, body-energy healing, energy field, and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) perspectives.
- Emphasis on cultural competence, cultural humility, and social justice has increased.
Bioecological Model
- The individual operates within multiple environments and is nested within a series of proximal and distal social and cultural systems of influence.
- The model consists of five levels of environmental influences: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem.
- Each level has distinct influences on the developing person.
Environmental Levels of Influence
- Microsystem: closest environment, e.g., family, peers, and community.
- Mesosystem: interaction between microsystems, e.g., home and school.
- Exosystem: external environment, e.g., parental workplace, local policies.
- Macrosystem: cultural and societal factors, e.g., socioeconomic status, culture.
- Chronosystem: temporal influences, including personal time and sociohistorical time.
Impact of Macrosystem and Chronosystem
- Macrosystemic features can have differing impacts on individuals depending on the culture they live in.
- Chronosystem represents both personal time and sociohistorical time, influencing the individual's life span and the era in which they live.
Evolution of Counseling Profession
- The field has moved from psychodynamic influences to behavioral and humanistic approaches, and later to systemic and community-based approaches.
- Preservice training of clinical mental health counselors should be oriented to understanding these changes and trends and how they have taken root in practice and service provision.
Assessing and planning for a client's needs throughout the case management process. This involves establishing, modifying, and prioritizing the client's goals and objectives.
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