Cardiovascular System Terminology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the largest artery in the body?

Pulmonary artery

Atrioventricular valve

Superior vena cava

Aorta (correct)

What is the function of the aortic valve?

The valve at the entrance to the aorta.

What is the apex?

The point of a cone-shaped structure.

What is an artery?

A vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an arteriole?

A small vessel that carries blood from the arteries into the capillaries. Signup and view all the answers

What does the atrioventricular node do?

It passes impulses from the sinoatrial node towards the ventricles. Signup and view all the answers

The ______ valve is located between the atrium and ventricle on the right and left sides of the heart.

Atrioventricular Signup and view all the answers

What is a right AV valve also known as?

Tricuspid valve. Signup and view all the answers

What is the left AV valve also called?

Mitral valve. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the atrium?

An entrance chamber, one of the two upper receiving chambers of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is blood pressure?

The force exerted by blood against the wall of a vessel. Signup and view all the answers

What does depolarization refer to?

A change in electrical charge from the resting state in nerves or muscles. Signup and view all the answers

What is diastole?

The relaxation phase of the heartbeat cycle. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of electrocardiography?

Study of the electrical activity of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is the layer that lines the chambers of the heart?

Endocardium Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the heart?

Epicardium Signup and view all the answers

The large inferior vein that brings blood low in oxygen back to the right atrium from the lower body is called the ______.

Inferior vena cava. Signup and view all the answers

What is a functional murmur?

Any sound produced as the heart functions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions involves hardening of the arteries?

Arteriosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a thrombus?

A blood clot that forms within a blood vessel. Signup and view all the answers

What is tachycardia?

An abnormally rapid heart rate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal or destruction of tissue?

Ablation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called that corrects an abnormal cardiac rhythm?

Cardioversion Signup and view all the answers

What imaging study is used to visualize the coronary arteries?

CT angiography Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiovascular System Terminology

Aorta: Largest artery that carries blood from the left ventricle to the body.
Aortic Valve: Located at the aorta's entrance, controlling blood flow from the heart.
Apex: The pointed end of a cone-shaped structure, such as the heart.
Artery: Blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Arteriole: Small vessels that carry blood from arteries to capillaries.
Atrioventricular Node: Facilitates impulse transmission from the sinoatrial node to the ventricles.
Atrioventricular Valve: Valves located between atria and ventricles, controlling blood flow direction.
Right AV Valve (Tricuspid Valve): Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Left AV Valve (Mitral Valve): Valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
Atrium: Upper chambers of the heart responsible for receiving blood.
AV Bundle: A band of fibers transmitting impulses from the AV node through the interventricular septum.
Blood Pressure: The force blood exerts on vessel walls, important for circulation assessment.
Bundle Branches: Pathways of the AV bundle that conduct impulses to both sides of the ventricles.
Capillary: Microscopic vessels where gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occurs between blood and tissues.
Cardiovascular System: Composed of the heart and blood vessels, essential for transportation of blood.
Depolarization: A shift in electrical charge that triggers contraction in muscle cells.
Diastole: The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes.
Electrocardiography: The study of the heart's electrical activity, monitored through surface electrodes.
Endocardium: The membrane lining the heart's chambers and covering its valves.
Epicardium: The outermost layer of the heart’s structure.
Functional Murmur: Sounds produced during the heart's regular operation.
Inferior Vena Cava: Major vein returning deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart's right atrium.
Pulmonary Artery: Vessel carrying deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary Circuit: System that transports blood from the right heart to the lungs and back to the left heart.
Pulmonary Veins: Vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Pulmonary Valve: Valve controlling blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.
Pulse: The rhythmical wave of pressure that represents heartbeats as blood is pushed through vessels.
Purkinje Fibers: Specialized fibers that distribute electrical impulses throughout the ventricles.
Repolarization: The return of electrical charge to the resting state in muscle cells.
Septum: The dividing wall between the heart's atria and ventricles.
Sinus Rhythm: Normal, regular heart rate indicating healthy heart activity.
Sinoatrial Node: The heart's natural pacemaker, initiating the heartbeat from the right atrium.
Superior Vena Cava: Major vein returning deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart's right atrium.
Systemic Circuit: Blood vessels supplying oxygenated blood from the left heart to tissues and returning deoxygenated blood to the right heart.

Health Conditions and Procedures

Aneurysm: Abnormal bulging in a blood vessel, usually due to wall weakness.
Angina Pectoris: Chest pain due to insufficient blood flow to the heart.
Arrhythmia: Irregular heartbeat rates or patterns.
Arteriosclerosis: Loss of artery elasticity due to thickening or hardening from deposits.
Atherosclerosis: Narrowing and hardening of arteries due to fatty deposits.
Bradycardia: Heart rate slower than 60 beats per minute.
Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke): Sudden brain damage due to reduced blood flow.
Coarctation of the Aorta: Narrowing of the aorta, restricting blood flow.
Deep Vein Thrombosis: Blood clot formation in deep veins.
Dissecting Aneurysm: Aortic aneurysm where blood enters the arterial wall layers.
Dyslipidemia: Abnormal lipid levels in the blood.
Dyspnea: Difficulty breathing, often indicating respiratory or cardiac issues.
Embolism: Blood vessel obstruction caused by a clot or foreign matter.
Fibrillation: Rapid, irregular, and inefficient contractions of heart muscle fibers.
Heart Block: Interference in heart's electrical conduction, causing irregular rhythms.
Heart Failure: Inadequate heart function, failing to maintain blood circulation.
Hemorrhoid: Varicose veins located in the rectal area.
Hypertension: Elevated blood pressure over normal levels.
Infarct: Localized death of tissue due to blood supply blockage.
Ischemia: Insufficient blood supply in a specific area.
Murmur: Unusual heart sounds indicating turbulence in blood flow.
Myocardial Infarction: Heart tissue necrosis due to blood supply obstruction.
Occlusion: Blockage that prevents normal flow in blood vessels.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Persistence of the ductus arteriosus post-birth.
Phlebitis: Inflammation of a vein.
Plaque: Fatty deposits on vessel walls that can lead to blockages.
Rheumatic Heart Disease: Heart valve damage following streptococcal infection.
Septal Defect: Opening in the heart's septum leading to blood flow issues.
Shock: Circulatory failure resulting in inadequate blood supply to tissues.
Stenosis: Narrowing of a passage or vessel, affecting blood flow.
Tachycardia: Heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute.
Thrombophlebitis: Vein inflammation associated with clot formation.
Thrombosis: Blood clot development within a vessel.
Thrombus: A stationary blood clot forming within a vessel.
Varicose Veins: Enlarged veins from valve breakdown, pooling blood.

Medical Procedures and Tests

Ablation: Surgical removal or destruction of tissue.
Angioplasty: Procedure to widen narrowed blood vessels.
Artificial Pacemaker: Device regulating heartbeat by generating impulses.
Cardioversion: Restoration of normal heart rhythm.
Coronary Angiography: X-ray study of coronary arteries post-dye injection.
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: Surgery creating a shunt to reroute blood around blocked arteries.
Coronary Calcium Scan: Imaging technique to detect calcium deposits in coronary arteries.
Creatine Kinase MB: Enzyme indicating cardiac muscle damage after myocardial infarction.
CT Angiography: Imaging for visualizing blood vessels using injected dye.
Defibrillation: Delivery of electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm.

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Description

Test your knowledge of cardiovascular system terminology with this quiz. Covering key terms such as aorta, valves, and heart structure, it is designed to enhance your understanding of how our heart works. Perfect for students and health enthusiasts alike.