Chpt. 10
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Questions and Answers

Because the collapse of a vein following coronary artery bypass surgery may occur, a significant concern in the care of these patients postoperatively is a blood pressure reading below normal or

  • hypothermia.
  • hypotension. (correct)
  • hypertension.
  • hypertriglyceridemia.

The term anemia is defined as

  • an excessive increase in abnormal leukocytes.
  • condition in which pathogenic microorganisms enter the bloodstream.
  • condition in which there is a reduction in the number of erythrocytes. (correct)
  • the dissolution of erythrocytes.

An injection of a medication either intravenously or intraarterially to dissolve blood clots is called

  • plasmapheresis.
  • coronary stent.
  • thrombolytic therapy. (correct)
  • catheter ablation.

The procedure used to puncture a vein with a needle to remove blood, instill a medication, or start an intravenous infusion is

<p>venipuncture. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The suffix that means excessive flow is

<p>-rrhage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chest pain that occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood to the heart muscle is called

<p>angina pectoris. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term cardiology means

<p>study of the heart. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following illness with rheumatic fever, the child began showing signs of narrowing of the mitral valve from scarring or

<p>mitral valve stenosis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The prefix pan- means

<p>all, total. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A record of the electrical activity of the heart is called a(n)

<p>electrocardiogram. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The professional who operates the heart-lung machine during surgeries where the patient's blood must be oxygenated outside of the body is called a

<p>perfusionist. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The abbreviation for sudden symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the heart is

<p>ACS. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs is called

<p>heart failure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term hemostasis is defined as the

<p>stoppage of bleeding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lymphangiography is the

<p>radiographic imaging of lymph vessels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The combining form that refers to the body system that protects against pathogens, but does not have its own organs and structure is

<p>immun/o. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term blood dyscrasia is defined as

<p>any pathological condition of the blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is also called a heart attack?

<p>myocardial infarction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The procedure in which a balloon is advanced into a blood vessel to the area in which the plaque has formed is called

<p>percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term that means surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the sac surrounding the heart is

<p>pericardiocentesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Because of one completely and two partially obstructed arteries, the patient was scheduled for surgery to bring a new blood supply to the heart muscle by detouring around the obstructed arteries called

<p>CABG. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term that means removal of the liquid portion of the blood (from withdrawn blood) is

<p>plasmapheresis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The combining form embol/o is defined as

<p>plug. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An exaggerated life-threatening reaction to a previously encountered antigen is called

<p>anaphylaxis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The abbreviation INR, meaning international normalized ratio, is used to provide uniform results for which test?

<p>PT. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cardiovascular System

The system that circulates blood through the body, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Blood Vessels

Tubular structures that carry blood throughout the body, including arteries, veins, and capillaries.

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.

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Capillaries

Tiny blood vessels where gas and nutrient exchange occurs between blood and tissues.

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Heart

A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

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Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

Cells in the blood that transport oxygen from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

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White Blood Cells (WBCs)

Cells that are part of the immune system and help fight infections.

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Platelets

Cell fragments involved in blood clotting to stop bleeding.

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Blood Pressure

The force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels.

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Lymphatic System

A network of vessels that helps maintain fluid balance and plays a role in immune response.

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Lymph

A clear fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system, containing immune cells.

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Immune System

A complex system of cells, tissues, and organs that protects the body against infections and diseases.

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Antibodies

Proteins produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens like bacteria and viruses.

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Infection

The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, causing disease.

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Vaccine

A substance that stimulates the production of antibodies and provides immunity against disease.

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Blood Clotting

The process by which blood changes from liquid to gel, preventing excessive bleeding.

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Heart Rate

The number of times the heart beats per minute, indicating how hard the heart is working.

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Cholesterol

A waxy substance found in blood, important for building cells, but high levels can be harmful.

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Atherosclerosis

A condition where the arteries become narrowed and hardened due to buildup of cholesterol and other substances.

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Hypertension

High blood pressure which can lead to serious health problems.

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Arrhythmia

An irregular heartbeat that can affect how well the heart works.

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Stroke

A medical emergency where blood flow to the brain is interrupted, causing brain damage.

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Hemoglobin

A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body.

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Anemia

A condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to the body.

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Spleen

An organ that filters blood and helps the immune system fight infections.

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Thymus

An organ where T-cells mature and are trained to fight infections.

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Bone Marrow

Soft tissue inside bones where blood cells are produced.

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Lymph Nodes

Small structures that filter lymph and house immune cells.

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Study Notes

Cardiovascular, Immune, and Lymphatic System and Blood Quiz Notes

  • Hypotension: A significant concern post-coronary artery bypass surgery, blood pressure below normal.
  • Anemia: Defined as a condition with a reduction in the number of red blood cells (erythrocytes).
  • Thrombolytic Therapy: Medication injection (intravenously or intra-arterially) to dissolve blood clots.
  • Venipuncture: Procedure for puncturing a vein to collect blood, administer medication, or insert intravenous fluids.
  • -rrhage: Suffix meaning excessive flow.
  • Angina Pectoris: Chest pain due to insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle.
  • Cardiology: Study of the heart.
  • Mitral Valve Stenosis: Narrowing of the mitral valve, often following rheumatic fever.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Recording of the electrical activity of the heart.
  • Perfusionist: Professional operating heart-lung machines during surgeries where blood is oxygenated outside the body.
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS): Sudden symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the heart.
  • Heart Failure: Inability of the heart to pump enough blood to supply tissues and organs.
  • Hemostasis: Stoppage of bleeding.
  • Lymphangiography: Radiographic imaging of lymph vessels.
  • Immunology: Study of the immune system which protects against pathogens.
  • Blood Dyscrasia: Any pathological condition of the blood.
  • Myocardial Infarction (MI): Heart attack. This is also called a coronary artery disease (CAD)
  • Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA): Procedure to open blocked coronary arteries by inserting a balloon into the artery in a narrowed area.
  • Pericardiocentesis: Surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the sac surrounding the heart.
  • Congenital heart disease: Inherited heart problems which present themselves through obstructed blood vessels in the heart.
  • CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft): Surgical procedure to bring a new blood supply to the heart by rerouting blood around blocked arteries.
  • Plasmapheresis: Removal of the liquid portion (plasma) of the blood.
  • Embolus: Bloody clot that travels or travels loose in the blood vessels.
  • Anaphylaxis: Life-threatening reaction to a previously encountered antigen.
  • INR (International Normalized Ratio): Standardized results for the prothrombin time (PT) blood test.

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Quiz about cardiovascular system, immune system and blood. Covers topics such as hypotension, anemia, thrombolytic therapy, cardiology, and other conditions related to blood and the heart. Also includes medical procedures in this area.

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