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Questions and Answers
What is the volume of blood in the ventricle before it contracts?
What is the volume of blood in the ventricle before it contracts?
- 110 ml
- 80 ml
- 30 ml
- 50 ml (correct)
Which heart size will have the greatest stroke work output?
Which heart size will have the greatest stroke work output?
- Heart size of 2 fists
- Heart size of 3 fists (correct)
- Normal sized heart
- Heart size does not affect the stroke work output
When is mitral stenosis heard?
When is mitral stenosis heard?
- Diastole (correct)
- Systole
- Both
- None of the above
What happens to the patient's cardiac cycle if the heart rate increases from 60 to 120 beats per minute?
What happens to the patient's cardiac cycle if the heart rate increases from 60 to 120 beats per minute?
Which of the following CAN cause an increase in heart rate?
Which of the following CAN cause an increase in heart rate?
What happens during depolarization of the cardiac muscle cell (Phase 0)?
What happens during depolarization of the cardiac muscle cell (Phase 0)?
What is the interpretation if the wave is not reflected or seen in the cardiac cycle?
What is the interpretation if the wave is not reflected or seen in the cardiac cycle?
In a healthy adult heart pumping blood 70 times per minute, how much blood flows to the ventricles during the first % of diastole with an end diastolic volume of 110 ml?
In a healthy adult heart pumping blood 70 times per minute, how much blood flows to the ventricles during the first % of diastole with an end diastolic volume of 110 ml?
Why can the Purkinje fibers transmit impulses faster than intermodal pathways?
Why can the Purkinje fibers transmit impulses faster than intermodal pathways?
During which phase of the cardiac cycle is aortic mitral regurgitation heard?
During which phase of the cardiac cycle is aortic mitral regurgitation heard?
Which valve is the second most commonly affected in Rheumatic Heart Disease?
Which valve is the second most commonly affected in Rheumatic Heart Disease?
Which condition will cause a greater than normal stroke work output in the heart?
Which condition will cause a greater than normal stroke work output in the heart?
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Study Notes
Cardiac Volume and Stroke Work
- The volume of blood in the ventricle before it contracts is called end diastolic volume.
- A larger heart size will have the greatest stroke work output.
Heart Sounds and Murmurs
- Mitral stenosis is heard during mid-diastole.
- Aortic mitral regurgitation is heard during mid-systole.
Cardiac Cycle and Heart Rate
- If the heart rate increases from 60 to 120 beats per minute, the cardiac cycle is shorter.
- An increase in heart rate can be caused by various factors, including exercise, anxiety, and certain medications.
Cardiac Muscle Cell and Depolarization
- During depolarization of the cardiac muscle cell (Phase 0), the rapid influx of sodium ions occurs.
Electrocardiogram and Wave Reflection
- If the wave is not reflected or seen in the cardiac cycle, it may indicate a conduction block or abnormal cardiac rhythm.
Blood Flow and Diastole
- In a healthy adult heart pumping blood 70 times per minute, 70% of the end diastolic volume (110 ml) flows to the ventricles during the first 1/3 of diastole.
Purkinje Fibers and Impulse Transmission
- Purkinje fibers transmit impulses faster than intermodal pathways due to their rapid conduction velocity.
Rheumatic Heart Disease
- The mitral valve is the most commonly affected in Rheumatic Heart Disease, and the aortic valve is the second most commonly affected.
Stroke Work Output
- Conditions that cause a greater than normal stroke work output in the heart include high blood pressure, aortic stenosis, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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