Questions and Answers
What are the main purposes of the cardiovascular system? (Select all that apply)
The cardiovascular system is comprised of what three main components?
What kind of tissue is blood?
Which of the following are functions of blood? (Select all that apply)
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Whole blood is comprised of:
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Fluid consisting of water, dissolved plasma proteins, and other solutes in blood is called:
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What transports O2 and CO2 on hemoglobin?
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Which blood component is part of the immune system?
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Which blood component contains cell fragments involved in clotting?
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Surface antigens on ____ determine blood type, A, B, AB, or O.
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Blood vessels are comprised of what three layers?
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Which layer contains smooth muscle?
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The _____ layer contains ________ lining.
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_____ layer, which anchors ______ to ______.
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Vessel contraction/relaxation changes the inner diameter, which can impede or facilitate blood flow. Contraction is known as __________ and relaxation is known as ____________.
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Study Notes
Cardiovascular System Overview
- Main purposes include delivery of O2, nutrients, hormones and removal of CO2, waste products from tissues via blood circulation.
- Essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body.
Components of the Cardiovascular System
- Comprised of three main parts: blood (medium for delivery), vessels (pathways for blood), and the heart (pump).
Blood Characteristics
- Blood is classified as specialized connective tissue.
- Whole blood includes plasma and formed elements such as red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and platelets.
Functions of Blood
- Transports nutrients, hormones, O2, CO2, and waste products.
- Regulates pH and ion balance within the body.
- Helps restrict fluid losses at injury sites and defend against toxins and pathogens.
- Stabilizes body temperature.
Blood Composition
- Plasma: fluid portion of blood composed of water, dissolved plasma proteins, and other solutes.
- Formed elements consist of RBC, WBC, and platelets.
Blood Cell Functions
- Red Blood Cells (RBC): transport O2 and CO2 via hemoglobin.
- White Blood Cells (WBC): crucial for immune response.
- Platelets: cell fragments involved in clot formation.
Blood Type Determination
- Blood type (A, B, AB, O) is determined by surface antigens present on red blood cells.
Blood Vessel Structure
- Blood vessels consist of three layers:
- Tunica Intima: innermost layer with endothelial lining.
- Tunica Media: middle layer containing smooth muscle, responsible for vessel constriction and dilation.
- Tunica Externa: outermost layer that anchors vessels to adjacent tissues.
Vascular Function
- Contraction of blood vessels (vasoconstriction) narrows the lumen, impeding blood flow.
- Relaxation (vasodilation) widens the lumen, facilitating increased blood flow.
- Importance of these processes in regulating blood pressure and circulation.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts related to the cardiovascular system as part of Anatomy and Physiology Exam 2. Test your knowledge on the functions and purpose of the cardiovascular system in human physiology. Perfect for students preparing for their A&P assessments.
