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18 Questions

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Cardiovascular Drugs Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the main clinical use of digoxin?

Treatment of congestive cardiac failure (correct)

Treatment of hypertension

Relief of fever

Management of vertigo

Which adverse effect is commonly associated with digoxin use?

Hypokalemia (correct)

Hyponatremia

Thrombocytopenia

Anemia

What is the mechanism of action of aspirin?

Reduction of prostaglandin synthesis (correct)

Increased thromboxane A2 production

Reversible inhibition of COX enzyme

Stimulation of platelet activation

Which enzyme does digoxin inhibit to increase intracellular calcium concentrations?

Na+/K+ ATPase pump Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of aspirin in platelet function?

Inhibition of thromboxane A2 production Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications interacts negatively with digoxin?

NSAIDs Signup and view all the answers

Why is aspirin used at low doses?

To prevent platelet aggregation by inhibiting PGI2 formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of heparins?

Inactivation of clotting factors IIa, IXa, Xa, XIa, XIIa Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia?

Protamine sulfate Signup and view all the answers

How does warfarin function as an anticoagulant?

Inhibits the synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, X Signup and view all the answers

What is monitored when using warfarin as an anticoagulant?

Prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR) Signup and view all the answers

What causes warfarin-induced skin necrosis?

A rare, serious adverse drug reaction to warfarin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Propranolol?

Inhibits the contraction of the heart by blocking β1 receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major adverse effect of Propranolol?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Nitroglycerin on blood vessels?

Relaxation of smooth muscle leading to vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (MtALDH) in the action of Nitroglycerin?

Convert Nitroglycerin to NO Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of Propranolol?

4 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak concentration time of Nitroglycerin when administered intravenously?

Approximately 4.4 minutes Signup and view all the answers