31 Questions
Which group of compounds is considered one of the most important of all natural occurring products?
Steroids
What is the primary function of drugs containing cardiac glycosides?
To increase the tone and contractility of the cardiac muscle
Which species of Digitalis yields physiologically active principles?
Digitalis purpurea
What is the consequence of an excessive dose of cardiac glycosides?
Death
Aside from increasing the contractility of the cardiac muscle, what secondary action do most cardiac glycosides exert?
Diuretic action
To which family do both Digitalis purpurea and D. lanata belong?
Plantaginaceae
Which of the following is the primary use of lanata D. purpurea glycosides?
Treatment of atrial fibrillation
What is the main impact of small doses of cardiac drugs on the heart?
Increases blood volume pumped through the heart and strengthens systolic contraction
Which plant is native to Europe and contains important cardiac glycosides such as digitoxin and digoxin?
Foxglove (digitalis)
Which condition is considered a risk factor for digitalis toxicity?
Hypomagnesia
What is the primary reason for administering a loading dose of digoxin?
To maintain digitalis effect in the body
What are the primary therapeutic effects associated with plants used for venous insufficiency and circulatory disorders?
Anti-oxidant activity and treatment of haemorrhoids
Which cardiac glycoside is primarily used for congestive heart failure and given in a once daily dose range of 62.5-250 μg?
Digoxin
Which plant contains cardenolides, glycosides of steroidal structure, including digitoxin, gitoxin, and gitaloxin?
(Foxglove) Digitalis
"Loading dose" and "Maintenance dose" of digoxin depend on all of the following EXCEPT:
(Atrial fibrillation) Small doses of cardiac drugs
What is the primary treatment for anterior uveitis?
Atropine
What is the primary purpose of a maintenance dose of digoxin?
To maintain the digitalis effect in the body
Which drug is used to treat glaucoma by opening the drainage channels in the trabecular meshwork?
Pilocarpine
What is the main impact of small doses of synthetic sympathomimetics on glaucoma?
Reduce intraocular pressure
Which plant-derived miotic is used in open angle glaucoma?
Pilocarpine
What is the primary risk associated with taking pilocarpine internally?
Tachycardia
Which condition is primarily associated with increased intraocular pressure and can cause blindness if not treated?
Glaucoma
What is the primary use of Atropine in drop form?
To open the iris for examination or surgical procedures
What is the primary use of Eye bright (Euphrasia officinalis) in eye disorders?
Antimicrobial and astringent for ulcers
What is the primary use of distilled witch hazel plant in eye drops?
To soothe the eye and clear redness
What is the primary use of almond, arachis or olive oil in relation to the ear?
To remove wax from the ear
What is the primary use of thymol type preparations in relation to oral and throat irritation?
As a deodorizer and anti-inflammatory agent
Which plant is used for antimicrobial, astringent for ulcers, and for haemorrhoids due to its ability to pptate proteins?
Eye bright (Euphrasia officinalis)
What is the primary use of olive oil in relation to the ear?
To treat infections of the ear
What is the primary purpose of using softening agents such as almond, arachis, or olive oil in relation to the ear?
To soften ear wax
What is the main therapeutic effect associated with thymol type preparations used for oral and throat irritation?
Anti-inflammatory effect
Test your knowledge of cardiovascular disorders, their causes, and potential treatment options. Explore the impact of lifestyle, diet, and phytotherapy on heart health, and learn about the therapeutic use of cardiac glycosides. Understand the importance of medical supervision for serious conditions like heart failure.
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