Cardiovascular Diseases: Perfusion and Common Types

What is perfusion?

The passage of fluid through the blood vessels to an organ or tissue (correct)
The passage of air through the blood vessels to an organ or tissue
The passage of air through the lymphatic system to an organ or tissue
The passage of fluid through the lymphatic system to an organ or tissue

Which type of heart disease is sometimes called coronary heart disease?

Cerebrovascular disease
Coronary artery disease (correct)
Peripheral vascular disease
Myocardial infarction

What happens during a heart attack?

Blood vessels narrow in the brain
A blood clot forms in the heart
A part of the heart muscle doesn't get enough blood (correct)
Arteries outside of the heart become narrowed or blocked

Which condition refers to problems with blood flow and blood vessels in the brain?

Cerebrovascular disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is peripheral vascular disease (PVD)?

Narrowing, blockage, or spasms in blood vessels outside of the heart (B) Signup and view all the answers

What causes myocardial infarction?

A part of the heart muscle not getting enough blood (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of a heart attack?

A blockage in one or more of the heart's arteries (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is atherosclerosis?

The buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the actual cause of a heart attack?

Formation of a blood clot due to a plaque rupture (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of irreversible damage due to a heart attack?

The affected heart muscle stops working properly (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who is at risk for a heart attack due to inherited factors?

People with low levels of HDL cholesterol (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common risk factors for a heart attack?

Smoking, high stress, and excessive alcohol consumption (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role does LDL cholesterol play in heart disease?

It raises the risk for heart disease and stroke (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of HDL cholesterol in the body?

Absorbs cholesterol and carries it back to the liver (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of high levels of HDL cholesterol?

To absorb cholesterol and carry it back to the liver (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can individuals do to reduce their risk of a heart attack?

Exercise regularly and maintain a healthy diet (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the heart?

To move blood throughout the body (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where does blood cell production occur?

In the bone marrow (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the lymph system?

To carry fluids from interstitial spaces to the blood (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of blood and blood-forming tissue called?

Hematology (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which organ has the function of producing red blood cells during fetal development?

Spleen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the vasculature do?

Carries blood connecting the heart with all other organs and tissues in the body (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythrocytes?

Assisting in maintaining acid-base balance (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which blood component is composed primarily of water but also contains proteins, electrolytes, gases, and nutrients?

Plasma (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of thrombocytes (platelets)?

Initiating the clotting process (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood cell forms the basis of the cellular and humoral immune response?

Lymphocytes (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood helps maintain oncotic pressure in the blood?

Albumin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for plasma minus its clotting factors?

Serum (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal hemoglobin level range for men?

$14.0 gm/dL to 17.5 gm/dL$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where are antibodies (immunoglobulins) primarily produced?

Plasma cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of granulocytes?

$Phagocytosis$ (B) Signup and view all the answers