Cardiovascular Diseases Flashcards

Study Notes

Arteriosclerosis treatments include anticoagulant drugs, angioplasty, and bypass surgery.
Cholesterol is a vital fat-like substance within cells and body fluids.
Atherosclerosis causes artery walls to thicken from cholesterol and fatty materials.
Arteriosclerosis generally refers to the hardening of arteries, impacting blood flow.

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is asymptomatic but links to heart disease.
Coronary heart disease results from narrowed arteries impeding blood delivery to the heart.
Heart attacks occur due to blood supply interruptions to heart tissue, causing damage.
Strokes involve blocked blood supply to the brain, leading to potential brain damage.
Heart failure manifests when the heart cannot pump sufficient blood throughout the body.
Arteriosclerosis symptoms may include headaches, memory issues, and pain in the chest or legs.
Common heart failure symptoms are chest pain, shortness of breath, and rapid heartbeat.

Arteriosclerosis leads to loss of artery elasticity, inefficient blood flow, and clotting risks.
High blood pressure is a risk factor for heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure.
Atherosclerosis can result in plaque buildup, rupturing blood clots, impacting heart and brain health.

Heart failure treatments typically involve medication and surgery.
Stroke treatment requires immediate medical attention, focusing on restoring blood flow.
Common high blood pressure treatments include medications, healthy diets, and regular exercise.

Factors contributing to heart disease include tobacco use, high cholesterol, physical inactivity, obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes.
Physical inactivity is a major coronary heart disease risk, with moderate exercise cutting risks significantly.
Effective obesity management emphasizes controlling Body Mass Index (BMI) to lower cardiovascular disease risks.

High blood pressure, strokes, heart attacks, and heart failure are classified as silent killers due to lack of symptoms.
Living a healthy lifestyle—diet, regular exercise, avoiding smoking—is crucial for preventing cardiovascular diseases.

Regular monitoring of blood pressure and maintaining healthy body weight reduces cardiovascular disease risks.
Distinction between heart attacks and strokes: heart attacks affect heart muscles, while strokes impact brain function.
An understanding of cholesterol types: LDL (bad cholesterol) contributes to atherosclerosis, whereas HDL is beneficial.

One-third of the U.S. population is classified as obese, contributing to cardiovascular disease risk.
Up to 75% of individuals with diabetes face a cardiovascular disease-related death risk.
Two hours of moderate exercise weekly can reduce heart disease risk by 30%.