Cardiovascular and Blood Systems Overview

Water provides osmotic balance, pH buffering, transports dissolved substances, and regulates blood pressure and volume.

Fibrinogen, which is involved in clotting, and hormones like insulin, which regulate metabolic activities.

Erythrocytes transport oxygen (O2) and a small amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) bound to hemoglobin.

<p>Thrombocytes, or platelets, are small membrane-bound fragments that initiate the blood clotting process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron in hemoglobin binds oxygen, giving red blood cells their color and facilitating oxygen transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leukocytes play an important part in the defense against pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urea and hormones; urea is a waste product of protein metabolism, while hormones regulate physiological processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mineral ions aid in osmotic balance and regulate various cellular functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood transports nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste, while also containing immune elements for pathogen protection and aiding in thermoregulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood is made up of plasma, which comprises 50-60% of its volume, and cellular components, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which constitute 40-50% of total volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type AB blood has both type A and type B antigens in red blood cells and no anti-A or anti-B antibodies in plasma, making it a universal recipient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Rh factor determines if blood is Rh-positive or Rh-negative, which is crucial for blood transfusions and can pose risks during pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type O blood lacks A and B antigens, allowing it to be given to anyone, while Type AB blood has no anti-A or anti-B antibodies, permitting it to receive any blood type.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets are involved in blood clotting processes, helping to seal wounds and prevent excessive bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Rh-negative mother may produce antibodies that can attack the baby's Rh-positive red blood cells, leading to hemolytic disease of the newborn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main types of white blood cells include neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils, with primary functions in immune response and protection against pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers