Cardiovascular Anatomy Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the largest artery in the body?

Coronary vessels

Aorta (correct)

Vena Cava

Pulmonary Artery

What does the pulmonary artery carry?

Deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

What is the function of the right atrium?

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body.

What does the left ventricle do?

Pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the right ventricle?

Pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary artery. Signup and view all the answers

What is the bicuspid valve?

Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. Signup and view all the answers

What does the vena cava do?

Carries blood from the body back to the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What do arteries do?

Carry blood away from the heart Signup and view all the answers

What do veins do?

Carry blood to the heart Signup and view all the answers

What do coronary vessels supply?

The heart with its blood supply. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pulmonary vein?

Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What does the left atrium do?

Receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and pumps it into the left ventricle. Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the pulmonary valve?

Is a one-way valve Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the interventricular septum?

Separates the left and right ventricles. Signup and view all the answers

What do chordae tendineae do?

Attach to the leaflets of the heart valves. Signup and view all the answers

What does the coronary sinus do?

Collects the majority of the cardiac venous blood. Signup and view all the answers

What does the pulmonary trunk carry?

Deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligamentum arteriosum?

A remnant from fetal circulation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the fossa ovalis?

A depression in the right atrium of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What does the renal artery supply?

Blood to the kidneys. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the gonadal artery?

Leads to the testicular or ovarian area. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the femoral artery?

Supplies blood to the thigh area. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Aorta and Major Arteries

The aorta is the body's largest artery, transporting oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body.
The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation.
The ascending aorta connects to the aortic arch, leading to the descending aorta, which is divided into thoracic and abdominal sections.
The right coronary artery supplies blood to the right side of the heart, whereas the left coronary artery serves the left side.

Heart Chambers and Valves

The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and directs it to the right ventricle.
The left atrium collects oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and pushes it into the left ventricle.
The tricuspid valve controls blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle, while the bicuspid (or mitral) valve does so for the left atrium and ventricle.
The pulmonary and aortic valves are one-way valves preventing backflow, enabling smooth blood circulation.

Additional Cardiac Structures

Chordae tendineae are fibrous strings tethering the heart valves to the papillary muscles, aiding valve function.
Papillary muscles protrude from the ventricular walls, supporting the chordae tendineae.
The interventricular septum is the muscular wall separating the left and right ventricles.

Blood Collection and Circulation

The superior and inferior vena cava are the large veins returning deoxygenated blood to the right atrium from the body.
The coronary sinus collects cardiac venous blood, channeling it into the right atrium.
Pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

Fetal Structure Remnants

The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant from fetal circulation, while the fossa ovalis marks the site of a previous fetal shunt in the right atrium.

Peripheral Arteries and Their Functions

The common carotid arteries supply blood to the face; the external carotid branches outward, while the internal carotid branches supply the brain.
The brachial artery is located in the upper arm, bifurcating into the radial and ulnar arteries in the forearm.
The celiac trunk supplies blood to abdominal organs, with mesenteric arteries aiding in blood flow to the intestines.
Renal arteries supply blood to the kidneys, while gonadal arteries lead to the ovaries or testes.

Overall Heart Function

The left side of the heart is involved in systemic circulation, delivering blood to the upper body and head.
The right side focuses on pulmonary circulation, directing deoxygenated blood to the lungs for gas exchange.

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Description

Test your knowledge of cardiovascular anatomy with these flashcards. Each card focuses on a key term related to the heart and blood vessels, including definitions and functions. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike!