Cardiology Heart Sounds Quiz
35 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the common cause of wide splitting of S2 in patients with primary MR?

Shortening of LV ejection

In patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, which heart sound is louder than A2?

P2

What abnormality in flow rate across the mitral orifice is often associated with an S3?

Abnormal increase in the flow rate

What is the most prominent physical finding in patients with severe MR?

<p>Systolic murmur</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the holosystolic murmur of chronic MR?

<p>Constant in intensity, blowing, high-pitched</p> Signup and view all the answers

What area does the holosystolic murmur of chronic MR frequently radiate to?

<p>Left axilla and left infrascapular area</p> Signup and view all the answers

What heart condition must the systolic murmur of chronic MR be differentiated from?

<p>AS (aortic stenosis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may obscure A2 in patients with severe MR?

<p>Persisting pressure difference between the LV and LA after aortic valve closure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often associated with abnormalities of the posterior leaflet in patients with MVP and flail?

<p>Radiation toward the sternum or aortic area</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical finding may occur in patients with severe MR and an earlier A2 as a consequence of reduced resistance to LV ejection?

<p>Wide splitting of S2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of wide splitting of S2 in patients with primary MR?

<p>Shortening of LV ejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, which heart sound is louder than A2?

<p>P2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical finding may occur in patients with severe MR and an earlier A2 as a consequence of reduced resistance to LV ejection?

<p>Systolic murmur commencing immediately after the soft S1</p> Signup and view all the answers

What abnormality in flow rate across the mitral orifice is often associated with an S3?

<p>Abnormal increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must the systolic murmur of chronic MR be differentiated from?

<p>Aortic stenosis (AS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the holosystolic murmur of chronic MR?

<p>Low-pitched and loudest at the apex</p> Signup and view all the answers

What area does the holosystolic murmur of chronic MR frequently radiate to?

<p>Left axilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might obscure A2 in patients with severe MR?

<p>The systolic murmur</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical finding is often associated with an S3 in patients with an abnormal increase in flow rate across the mitral orifice during the rapid filling phase?

<p>Brief diastolic rumble</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the holosystolic murmur of chronic MR?

<p>Constant intensity, blowing, and loudest at the apex</p> Signup and view all the answers

What heart condition must the systolic murmur of chronic MR be differentiated from?

<p>Aortic stenosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, which heart sound is louder than A2?

<p>P2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes wide splitting of S2 in patients with primary MR?

<p>Reduced resistance to LV ejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may occur with abnormalities of the posterior leaflet in patients with MVP and flail involving this leaflet?

<p>Radiation toward the sternum or aortic area</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often diminished in patients with primary MR and defective valve leaflets?

<p>S2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might obscure A2 in patients with severe MR?

<p>Pressure difference between the LV and LA after aortic valve closure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the holosystolic murmur of chronic MR?

<p>Constant in intensity and high-pitched</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often associated with abnormalities of the posterior leaflet in patients with MVP and flail involving this leaflet?

<p>S3 heart sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical finding may occur in patients with severe MR and an earlier A2 as a consequence of reduced resistance to LV ejection?

<p>Wide splitting of S2</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, which heart sound is louder than A2?

<p>P2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What abnormality in flow rate across the mitral orifice is often associated with an S3?

<p>Increase in flow rate during the rapid filling phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What heart condition must the systolic murmur of chronic MR be differentiated from?

<p>Aortic stenosis (AS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What heart condition must the systolic murmur of chronic MR be differentiated from?

<p>Aortic regurgitation (AR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What area does the holosystolic murmur of chronic MR frequently radiate to?

<p>The left axilla and left infrascapular area</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often diminished in patients with primary MR and defective valve leaflets?

<p>S1 heart sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mitral Regurgitation (MR)

  • Wide splitting of S2 in patients with primary MR is often caused by increased ventricular compliance.
  • In patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, P2 is louder than A2.
  • An S3 is often associated with an abnormal increase in flow rate across the mitral orifice during the rapid filling phase.
  • The most prominent physical finding in patients with severe MR is a holosystolic murmur.
  • The holosystolic murmur of chronic MR is characterized by a high-pitched, plateau-like murmur that radiates to the axilla or the back.
  • The systolic murmur of chronic MR must be differentiated from the murmur of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).
  • In patients with severe MR, the loud holosystolic murmur may obscure A2.
  • Abnormalities of the posterior leaflet in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and flail may cause an S3.
  • In patients with severe MR and an earlier A2, a reduced resistance to LV ejection may occur, leading to a shorter A2.

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)

  • Abnormalities of the posterior leaflet in patients with MVP and flail may cause an S3.
  • In patients with MVP and flail involving the posterior leaflet, the murmur may occur due to the regurgitation.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

Test your knowledge of abnormal heart sounds related to mitral regurgitation, valve leaflet defects, and pulmonary hypertension. Identify the characteristics of S1, S2, A2, and P2 sounds in different cardiac conditions.

More Like This

Cardiology - Diastolic Heart Sounds
17 questions
Apex (Mitral) Heart Sounds
22 questions

Apex (Mitral) Heart Sounds

NicestDifferential avatar
NicestDifferential
Heart Sounds: S1 and S2
38 questions
Cardiology Quiz: Hemodynamics and Heart Sounds
98 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser