Cardiac Action Potential and Conduction System Quiz

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What is the function of ventricles in the heart?

Collect blood and push it into the atria

Pump blood out to the body or lungs (correct)

Produce lubricating fluid for the heart

Connect to the pulmonary trunk and aorta

Where is the epicardium located in relation to the myocardium?

Located in the ventricles

Deeper than the myocardium

Adjacent to the atria

Superficial to the myocardium (correct)

Which vein is the only vein to carry oxygenated blood in the body?

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein (correct)

Superior vena cava

Inferior vena cava

What separates the two sublayers of the serous layer in the pericardium?

Parietal cavity Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the heart can hold blood and empty into the atria?

Auricles Signup and view all the answers

How much fluid does the heart pump per minute?

5.25 L Signup and view all the answers

What happens to Ca++ channels at 0mV?

They close for typical repolarization Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of slow Ca++ channels in the heart?

Allow for the plateau phase Signup and view all the answers

If not for endocrine control, how many times would the SA node fire per minute?

80 - 100 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the AV node in the heart's conduction system?

Delay electrical signals Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart has been recorded with the lowest heart rate of 28 BPM?

Purkinje fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of AED's in the context of cardiac electrical problems?

To correct fibrillations Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does blood flow into the atria and through into the ventricles?

Atrial diastole Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the ECG represents the depolarization of the atria?

P wave Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an artificial pacemaker in the context of heart contraction?

To deliver electrical impulses for effective heart contractions Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the cardiac cycle, what happens during ventricular diastole?

Relaxation with semilunar valves closed Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes end systolic volume (ESV) in the context of cardiac physiology?

Amount of blood left in ventricles after stroke volume is pushed out Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to refer to the presence of both S3 and S4 heart sounds?

S7 Signup and view all the answers

Which valve does the S1 heart sound correspond to?

Atrioventricular valves Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate Cardiac Output (CO)?

CO = HR * SV Signup and view all the answers

What percentage range constitutes a normal Ejection Fraction?

50% - 70% Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex causes an increase in parasympathetic stimulation in response to pressure and stretch?

Baroreceptor reflex Signup and view all the answers

What is the target heart rate range used to keep Cardiac Output high during exercise?

120-150 bpm Signup and view all the answers

What controls the nervous regulation of heart rate from the medulla oblongata?

Cardiac plexus Signup and view all the answers

Which factor increases heart rate and contractility?

Increased Ca++ levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of endothelium in the heart?

Regulates growth patterns of cardiac muscle cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the septum in the heart?

Divides the heart into chambers Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the moderator band in the heart?

Muscle for cardiac conduction Signup and view all the answers

Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle?

To pump blood into the aorta Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about semilunar valves is correct?

They have no muscular attachments Signup and view all the answers

What causes a heart murmur during auscultation?

Altered blood flow due to inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of coronary circulation in the heart?

Allows blood flow even with partial blockage Signup and view all the answers

Why do cardiac muscle cells have a long refractory period?

To prevent tetany and ensure heart refills with blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Sinoatrial (SA) node?

Set normal cardiac rhythm, known as the pacemaker Signup and view all the answers

What happens when cardiac contractile cells depolarize?

They plateau before repolarizing Signup and view all the answers