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Carbohydrates

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Questions and Answers

What is the major macronutrient in most human diets?

Carbohydrates (correct)

Vitamins

Fats

Proteins

What is used to absorb glucose into enterocytes?

Free energy of the calcium gradient

Free energy of the magnesium gradient

Free energy of the sodium gradient (correct)

Free energy of the potassium gradient

What does the glycemic index measure?

The effect of ingesting a standard amount of fiber on blood glucose

The effect of ingesting a standard amount of carbohydrate on blood glucose (correct)

The effect of ingesting a standard amount of protein on blood glucose

The effect of ingesting a standard amount of fat on blood glucose

What benefits have been associated with low GI/GL diets?

Improved blood glucose control Signup and view all the answers

What does the glucose tolerance test measure?

The response to a carbohydrate load Signup and view all the answers

What can hyperglycemia cause?

Non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, leading to AGE accumulation Signup and view all the answers

What does glycated hemoglobin give a good indication of?

Average blood glucose in a patient Signup and view all the answers

What causes Type I diabetes mellitus?

Autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β cells Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Carbohydrates are the major macronutrient in most human diets.
Glucose is absorbed into enterocytes using the free energy of the sodium gradient.
Glycaemic index measures the effect of ingesting a standard amount of carbohydrate on blood glucose.
Low GI/GL diets have been associated with several benefits.
Glucose tolerance test measures the response to a glucose load.
Hyperglycaemia can cause non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, leading to AGE accumulation.
Glycated haemoglobin gives a good indication of average glycaemia in a patient.
Type I diabetes mellitus is caused by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β cells.
Type II diabetes mellitus is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.
In the fed state, glucose uptake by many tissues.

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Description

Test your knowledge on carbohydrates, glucose, and diabetes with this quiz! From the basics of macronutrients to the causes and effects of different types of diabetes, this quiz covers it all. See how much you know about glucose uptake, glycemic index, and glucose tolerance tests. Don't forget to include keywords like macronutrients, glucose, diabetes, glycemic index, and glucose tolerance test to make your title and description more specific.