Carbohydrates Session Two: Core Principles Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for brain, erythrocytes, and retinal cells in humans?

  • Ketoses
  • Polysaccharides (correct)
  • Aldoses
  • Monosaccharides
  • What are the major types of biochemical substances that make up the mass composition data for the human body?

  • Fats, sugars, and fiber
  • Vitamins, minerals, and water
  • Proteins, nucleic acids, and enzymes
  • Carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids (correct)
  • What is the primary storage form of carbohydrates in the human body?

  • Glycogen (correct)
  • Cellulose
  • Sucrose
  • Starch
  • Which group of disease states involving carbohydrates includes abnormally high blood sugar levels?

    <p>Hyperglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of carbohydrates in organisms?

    <p>Providing energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for a carbohydrate?

    <p>Cx(H2O)y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common function of carbohydrates in humans?

    <p>Providing energy and serving as a short-term energy reserve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the new definition, what are carbohydrates?

    <p>Aldehyde or ketone derivatives of polyhydric alcohols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are carbohydrates classified based on the number of carbons in the molecule?

    <p>Trioses contain three carbons, tetroses contain four, pentoses contain five, and hexoses contain six</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 1:2 ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates according to the old definition?

    <p>The French called them 'Hydrates de Carbone'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure of proteins?

    <p>Polypeptide chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what form do amino acids primarily exist in aqueous solution?

    <p>Zwitterions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the side chain (R) in amino acids?

    <p>Determines the chemical properties of the amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different amino acids occur in nature?

    <p>300</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonding links amino acids together in a protein?

    <p>Peptide bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of amino acids contains nonpolar and hydrophobic R groups?

    <p>Nonpolar, Aliphatic R Groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is known for its nonpolar thioether group in its side chain?

    <p>Methionine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid can form hydrogen bonds due to its hydroxyl group?

    <p>Tyrosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of amino acids contains R groups that are more soluble in water?

    <p>Polar, Uncharged R Groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is readily oxidized to form a covalently linked dimeric amino acid called cystine?

    <p>Cysteine</p> Signup and view all the answers

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