Carbohydrates Session Two: Core Principles Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for brain, erythrocytes, and retinal cells in humans?

  • Ketoses
  • Polysaccharides (correct)
  • Aldoses
  • Monosaccharides

What are the major types of biochemical substances that make up the mass composition data for the human body?

  • Fats, sugars, and fiber
  • Vitamins, minerals, and water
  • Proteins, nucleic acids, and enzymes
  • Carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids (correct)

What is the primary storage form of carbohydrates in the human body?

  • Glycogen (correct)
  • Cellulose
  • Sucrose
  • Starch

Which group of disease states involving carbohydrates includes abnormally high blood sugar levels?

<p>Hyperglycemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in organisms?

<p>Providing energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for a carbohydrate?

<p>Cx(H2O)y (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common function of carbohydrates in humans?

<p>Providing energy and serving as a short-term energy reserve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the new definition, what are carbohydrates?

<p>Aldehyde or ketone derivatives of polyhydric alcohols (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are carbohydrates classified based on the number of carbons in the molecule?

<p>Trioses contain three carbons, tetroses contain four, pentoses contain five, and hexoses contain six (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 1:2 ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates according to the old definition?

<p>The French called them 'Hydrates de Carbone' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of proteins?

<p>Polypeptide chains (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what form do amino acids primarily exist in aqueous solution?

<p>Zwitterions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the side chain (R) in amino acids?

<p>Determines the chemical properties of the amino acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many different amino acids occur in nature?

<p>300 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding links amino acids together in a protein?

<p>Peptide bond (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of amino acids contains nonpolar and hydrophobic R groups?

<p>Nonpolar, Aliphatic R Groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid is known for its nonpolar thioether group in its side chain?

<p>Methionine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid can form hydrogen bonds due to its hydroxyl group?

<p>Tyrosine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of amino acids contains R groups that are more soluble in water?

<p>Polar, Uncharged R Groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid is readily oxidized to form a covalently linked dimeric amino acid called cystine?

<p>Cysteine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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