31 Questions
Which functional groups are commonly found in carbohydrates?
Aldehyde and keto groups
What is the empirical formula of carbohydrates?
CH2O
Which category of carbohydrates includes the most abundant compounds found in nature?
Polysaccharides
How many carbon atoms are present in a hexose?
6
Which of the following is true about D-glyceraldehyde?
It is the simplest aldose sugar
How are monosaccharides classified based on the number of carbon atoms?
By the prefix and suffix used in their nomenclature
What determines whether a sugar belongs to the D or L series?
The orientation of the —H and —OH groups around the terminal primary alcohol carbon
Which form of fructose is naturally occurring?
D(–) isomer
What confers optical activity on a compound?
Presence of asymmetric carbon atoms
Which type of isomers are mannose and galactose to glucose?
Epimers
What is the most common configuration for monosaccharides occurring in mammals?
D(–) isomer
What determines if a sugar is a D isomer or an L isomer?
-OH orientation on the right side
What are sugars naturally occurring in the L form?
-L-Arabinose and L-Fucose
Which sugar naturally occurs in the D(+) isomer form?
-Dextrose
Which sugar solution may be designated as dextrose?
-Ribose
What is the empirical formula for carbohydrates?
CH2O
Which functional groups are commonly found in carbohydrates?
Alcohol and ketone groups
What determines if a sugar belongs to the D or L series?
The arrangement of functional groups around the chiral carbon farthest from the carbonyl group
How are monosaccharides classified based on the number of carbon atoms?
By the number of carbon atoms
Which type of carbons are related to D&L forms and produce epimers when the orientation of –OH group around them changes?
Middle carbons
What is the simplest of the aldoses (aldotriose)?
D-glyceraldehyde
What is the variable prefix followed by the suffix (-ose) for sugars with 5 carbon atoms?
Pentoses
Which form of fructose is naturally occurring?
D(–)
Which sugar naturally occurs in the L form?
Arabinose
What determines whether a sugar belongs to the D or L series?
Orientation of –OH and –H groups around the carbon atom adjacent to the terminal primary alcohol carbon
What confers optical activity on a compound?
Presence of asymmetric carbon atoms
Which category of carbohydrates includes the most abundant compounds found in nature?
Polysaccharides
What determines if a sugar is a D isomer or an L isomer?
Orientation of –OH and –H groups around the carbon atom adjacent to the terminal primary alcohol carbon
What is the variable prefix followed by the suffix (-ose) for sugars with 3 carbon atoms?
Trioses
What is used to determine the spatial relationship of a sugar isomer to the parent compound glycerose?
Spatial comparison to glycerose
What are monosaccharides classified by, based on the nature of functional group?
Aldoses or ketoses
Test your knowledge of the general characteristics and composition of carbohydrates, including their empirical formula and abundance in nature. Explore the chemical properties of monosaccharides presented by Dr. Michael Mounir from the Faculty of Science at Helwan University.
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