Carbohydrates Classification

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What is the characteristic feature of a pyranose?

It is a six-membered ring monosaccharide (correct)

It is a five-membered ring monosaccharide

It is a type of triose

It is a type of heptose

What determines the degree of sweetness of various sugars?

The number and arrangement of hydroxyl groups in their molecular structure (correct)

The number and arrangement of methyl groups in their molecular structure

The number of carbon atoms in the sugar molecule

The type of ring structure formed by the sugar molecule

What is the name of the simplest sugar?

Fructose

Glyceraldehyde (correct)

Glucose

Galactose

What is the term for a five-membered ring monosaccharide?

Furanose (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most abundant naturally-occurring carbohydrate?

D-glucose (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the configuration assumed by pyranose sugars due to the tetrahedral nature of carbon bonds?

Chair or boat (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the reaction between the C1 aldehyde and C5 -OH in glucose?

Formation of a 6-member pyranose ring (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of ring formed in fructose when the C2 keto group reacts with the OH on C5?

5-member furanose ring (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the two stereoisomers formed during cyclization of glucose?

Anomeric isomers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of aldehyde sugars that makes them readily oxidized?

Ability to react with Benedict's reagent (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of sugar alcohols in food processing?

To improve the shelf life of food by preventing moisture loss (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the reduction of sugars?

Yields the sugar alcohols (alditols) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of sucrose is equivalent to the sweetness of galactose?

33 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of oligosaccharides based on the number of monosaccharide units?

Trisaccharide: 3 monomers, Tetrasaccharide: 4 monomers (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of raffinose?

Galactose + glucose + fructose (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of stachyose?

2 galactoses + glucose + fructose (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for oligosaccharides that are not digestible by humans?

Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is verbascose composed of?

3 galactoses + glucose + fructose (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which disaccharide is derived from sweet potatoes?

Maltose (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relative sweetness of fructose compared to sucrose?

1.73 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a natural source of sucrose?

Milk (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the bond type between the monosaccharide constituents in cellobiose?

β, (1, 4) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relative sweetness of lactose compared to sucrose?

0.16 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of starch in plants?

Energy storage (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following polysaccharides is classified based on its monosaccharide unit as galactose?

Galactan (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a polysaccharide chain with a straight chain of monosaccharides?

Linear polysaccharide (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of starch in our diet?

Cereals, potatoes, corn, and rice (C) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the functionality of polysaccharides?

The arrangement of monomers in the polysaccharide (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of polysaccharide is glycogen?

Branched polysaccharide (A) Signup and view all the answers