Carbohydrates and Biofuels Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What defines a carbohydrate as a disaccharide?

  • It consists of two monosaccharides linked by a glycosidic bond. (correct)
  • It is purely made of polysaccharides.
  • It is composed of three or more monosaccharides.
  • It has a sweet taste but cannot be digested.

    • Which of the following is true about starch?

  • It is indigestible due to beta glycosidic bonds.
  • It serves primarily as a structural component in plants.
  • It is made exclusively of fructose units.
  • It consists of glucose units linked by alpha 1-4 glycosidic bonds. (correct)

    • How do ruminants and termites digest cellulose?

  • They rely on symbiotic microorganisms in their guts. (correct)
  • They convert cellulose into starch before digestion.
  • They absorb cellulose through their skin.
  • They produce enzymes that can directly break down cellulose.

    • Which statement about cellulose is accurate?

    <p>It consists of glucose units linked by beta 1-4 glycosidic bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes bioethanol as a renewable energy source?

    <p>It is produced through anaerobic fermentation of sugar obtained from plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is used to obtain bioethanol from sugar?

    <p>Anaerobic fermentation by yeasts or other organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cellulose termed 'dietary fiber' or 'roughage'?

    <p>It is composed of complex carbohydrates that humans cannot digest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major drawback of cellulose in terms of digestibility?

    <p>Beta bonds make it harder to break down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of the sap from the Palmyra palm?

    <p>To make jaggery and toddy wine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between male and female Palmyra palms?

    <p>Male palms produce sugary sap, while females produce edible fruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a significant characteristic of Stevia?

    <p>Its leaves contain steviol glycosides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the miracle berry not classified as a sweetener?

    <p>It alters the taste of other foods instead of being sweet itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary geographical region where the sugar maple is found?

    <p>Eastern North America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is used to concentrate the sugary sap collected from maple trees?

    <p>Boiling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of rebaudioside in the use of Stevia as a sweetener?

    <p>It enhances the sweetness and is non-caloric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What link has been suggested regarding stevioside in Stevia?

    <p>It has been linked to potential cancer risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest producer of maple sugar globally?

    <p>Québec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy balance of bioethanol production primarily used to measure?

    <p>Ratio of bioethanol energy produced to energy required for manufacture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country shows a significantly higher energy balance in bioethanol production compared to the U.S.?

    <p>Brazil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason that non-tropical species like switchgrass are considered impractical for bioethanol production?

    <p>Their high cellulose content requires innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is sugar cane primarily propagated?

    <p>Using stem cuttings called setts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main reason caused the establishment of large sugar cane plantations in the Caribbean by Europeans?

    <p>The high demand for sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much sugar is produced annually from sugar beets globally?

    <p>About 250 million tons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What historical event contributed to the rising demand for sugar beets in Europe?

    <p>The Napoleonic Wars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is performed on the sugary juice extracted from sugar cane to produce pure sucrose?

    <p>Crystallization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of corn syrup?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the sugar palm is used to produce brown palm sugar?

    <p>Sap collected from male flower clusters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the conditions under which enslaved Africans worked on sugar plantations?

    <p>They faced harsh conditions with exposure to high temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary global source of commercial sugar production?

    <p>Sugar cane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vegetables belongs to the taproot category?

    <p>Rutabaga</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family includes broccoli as part of its classification?

    <p>Mustard family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of underground crop does cassava represent?

    <p>True Root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vegetables is classified as a tuber?

    <p>Potato</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vegetable is listed under the asparagus family?

    <p>Green asparagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ratio is essential in evaluating the efficiency of bioethanol production?

    <p>Energy required to energy produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bioethanol source boasts a significantly higher energy balance?

    <p>Brazil sugarcane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of gasoline is noted in the diagram?

    <p>It contains 5-12 carbon atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement most accurately describes the efficiency of bioalcohols?

    <p>They can involve modifications to the carbon atom structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are alternative bioethanol sources like switchgrass and hybrid poplar described as impractical?

    <p>They require too much energy for production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of higher values in the energy balance of fuel production?

    <p>Denotes higher efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best represents a low energy balance fuel source?

    <p>U.S. bioethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vegetables: Classification

    • Vegetables are classified by their growth habit, specifically whether they grow above or below ground.
    • Root or below-ground crops: include bulbs, underground stems (like cassava), tubers (potatoes, yams), rhizomes (ginger, licorice), corms (water chestnuts, taro), true roots (sweet potato), and taproots (carrots, parsnips).
    • Green or above-ground crops: further categorize into families like Asparagus, Amaranth, Carrot, Mustard, Sunflower, and more.
    • Specific examples of vegetables within each family are listed. For example, within the Mustard family, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, and kale are listed. The Sunflower family includes Lettuce, endive, chicory, and sunflowers.

    Vegetable Families

    • Mustard family (Brassicaceae): Includes Brassica oleracea (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower), and Brassica rapa (turnip, radish).
    • Sunflower family (Asteraceae): Includes Lettuce, endive, chicory, artichoke, and sunflower.
    • Carrot family (Apiaceae): Contains celery, fennel, and carrots.
    • Amaranth family (Amaranthaceae): Houses beets and sugar beets.

    Other Vegetable Categories

    • Underground Stems: Cassava, corms, tubers
    • Taproots: Contains carrots and parsnips
    • True roots: Sweet potato
    • Bulbs and onions: Includes bulbs and onions.
    • Tubers: Potatoes and yam
    • Rhizomes: Ginger and licorice

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on carbohydrates, disaccharides, and the digestion of cellulose. Explore the properties of bioethanol and sweeteners, as well as the characteristics of various plants like Stevia and Palmyra palm. This quiz covers essential concepts in plant biology and renewable energy sources.

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