28 Questions
What is the primary force responsible for pulling water into the circulatory system from the surrounding tissue?
Oncotic pressure
What is the primary contributor to the total oncotic pressure in an average capillary?
Albumin
What is the result of decreased oncotic pressure in the blood?
Build-up of excess fluid in tissues
Where do the amino acids released from protein degradation go?
They are returned to the metabolic pools in the liver
What is the primary function of the liver in regards to amino acids?
To regulate the metabolic pools of amino acids
What is the fate of non-protein nitrogen compounds like urea and ammonia in the liver?
They are metabolized in the liver
What is the primary function of the liver in terms of substance absorption from the GIT?
To act as a barrier to harmful substances and allow useful substances to reach systemic circulation
What is the process of reversible binding of a compound to a protein to inactivate it?
Reversible binding
What is the role of the portal vein in the liver's detoxification process?
It carries venous blood from the GIT to the liver
What is the primary site of storage for several metabolites including iron, glycogen, and amino acids?
The liver
What is the process of modifying a compound to make it readily excreted?
Chemical modification
What is the drug-metabolizing system of the liver responsible for?
The detoxification of many drugs
What is the primary function of the liver in maintaining stable glucose concentrations?
To store glucose as glycogen and degrade glycogen depending on the body's need
What is the primary source of glucose liberated by the liver during stress or fasting?
Glycogen stored in the liver
Why is muscle glycogen not directly available as a source of blood glucose?
Because muscle lacks glucose 6-phosphatase
What is the fate of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) in the liver?
It is converted to glucose and released into the blood
What is the role of the liver in lipid metabolism?
To regulate the coordinated uptake, storage, and release of lipids
What is the relative distribution of glycogen in the liver and muscle?
The liver contains highly concentrated glycogen, although muscle contains more glycogen by weight
What is the primary result of amino acid oxidation in the liver?
Production of ketones and acetyl-CoA
What is the term used to describe the yellow discoloration of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes?
Jaundice
What is the purpose of classifying jaundice into prehepatic, hepatic, and posthepatic types?
To formulate appropriate plans for treatment or management
What is the role of the liver in the metabolism of bilirubin?
Breakdown of bilirubin
What is the product of the urea cycle in the liver?
Urea
What is the most common type of liver cancer?
Metastatic liver cancer
What is the primary function of the liver tests in category A?
To evaluate the liver's ability to transport organic anions and metabolize drugs
Which of the following is NOT a cause of liver cirrhosis?
Diabetes
What enzyme is tested in category B liver function tests?
Aminotransferases
What is the purpose of testing for α fetoprotein?
To measure the biosynthetic capacity of the liver
Learn how the liver plays a crucial role in maintaining stable glucose concentrations in the body. Discover how it utilizes, stores, and circulates glucose to meet the body's energy needs. Test your understanding of carbohydrate metabolism and its regulation.
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