18 Questions
What is the role of the TP53 gene in the cell?
To regulate cell cycle progression, DNA repair, and apoptosis
What is the result of a loss of function mutation in tumor suppressor genes?
Failure of growth inhibition
Which of the following is an example of a growth factor?
PDGF
What is the effect of oncoproteins on cellular metabolism?
They alter cellular metabolism in favor of proliferation
What is the result of a gain of function mutation in growth-promoting genes?
Formation of oncoproteins
Which of the following is a category of oncoproteins?
Growth factor receptors
What is the location of the Tp53 gene?
Chromosome 17p13.1
What happens to p53 when a cell is stressed by DNA damage or hypoxia?
It is phosphorylated by ATM and ATR
What is the consequence of a loss of function mutation in P53?
Cell proliferation without resistance
What is the role of p14/ARF in p53 regulation?
It binds to MDM2 and displaces p53
Why do rapidly dividing cells need to alter their cellular metabolism?
To harness resources to build cellular components
What is a possible outcome of increased p53 accumulation?
Apoptosis
What is the underlying process by which cancer cells exhibit altered cellular metabolism?
Aerobic Glycolysis
What is the primary function of tumor suppressor genes in relation to cancer?
To inhibit cell growth and division
Which of the following is NOT a hallmark of cancer?
Differentiation into a benign tumor
What is the term for the ability of cancer cells to evade programmed cell death (apoptosis)?
Evasion of apoptosis
What is the term for the process by which cancer cells exhibit increased glucose uptake and metabolism, even in the presence of oxygen?
Warburg effect
What is the term for the mutations that are not necessary for cancer development, but can contribute to the malignant phenotype?
Passenger mutations
This quiz covers the characteristics of cancer cells, including sustained angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and evasion of the host immune response. It also explores the role of gain of function mutations in growth promoting genes and their conversion to oncogenes.
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