Calvinist Ethic and Social Change Quiz
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Questions and Answers

The early Calvinists were known for leading extravagant lives.

False (B)

The American Civil Rights movement is an example of how religion can serve as a force for social change.

True (A)

The Arab Spring movement saw various religious groups advocating for maintaining undemocratic rule and social injustices.

False (B)

Max Weber argued that religion mainly serves as a conservative force in society.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calvinism is a branch of Protestantism that promoted the idea of predestination.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The working class is encouraged to challenge the capitalist system in order to receive rewards in heaven, according to the text.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Max Weber proposed that religion played a significant role in the development of capitalism through the Protestant ethic.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Religion as a conservative force aims to bring about social change in society.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The role of religion in society can broadly be categorized into serving as a conservative force or a force for social change.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

New religions, sects, and cults can provide insights into the relationship between religion and society.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

State religions do not have any influence on how society changes over time.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Durkheim argues that the profane refers to things extraordinary that call for reverence.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Durkheim, the sacred unites people and creates a collective consciousness of shared norms and values.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Durkheim found that every clan among the Aboriginal people of Australia worshipped a taboo.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Durkheim argued that the worship of the totem (Totemism) was actually worship of individuals rather than society itself.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Religion as a conservative force aims to disrupt the social order and promote change in society.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sociology scholars suggest that religion can only function as either a conservative force or a force for social change.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The main role of religion as a conservative force is to destabilize societal values and traditions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The concept of blending elements of both conservatism and change in religion's role in society is discussed in the text.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Karl Marx, religion is a force that challenges traditional societal norms and values.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Feminist theorists view religion as a liberating tool that empowers women and challenges gender roles.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fundamentalist groups always advocate for progressive social changes rather than seeking to 'return' society to traditional eras.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Emile Durkheim and Bronisław Malinowski, religion plays a role in promoting social solidarity and reinforcing societal norms and values.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

<p>Fundamentalist groups = Advocate for traditional values and resist social change Societal norms and values = Ideas and beliefs that guide behavior in a society Sacred and the profane = Distinguishes between ordinary and extraordinary aspects of life Social solidarity = Unity and cohesion within society through shared beliefs and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions with their outcomes in religious practices:

<p>Funerals as social gatherings = Reinforce social solidarity and support emotional well-being Promotion of belief in the afterlife = Provides hope for eternal bliss beyond current suffering Worship of the totem (Totemism) = Symbolizes worship of individuals as sacred entities Maintaining class structure through religion = Keeps working class in a state of false consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to religion with their meanings:

<p>Collective consciousness = Shared beliefs, ideas, and moral attitudes in a society Psychological functions of religion = Helps individuals cope with emotional stress and maintain stability Protestant ethic = Belief system that influenced the development of capitalism Class consciousness = Awareness of one's social class position and interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions:

<p>Predestination = The belief that God has already decided whether one will go to Heaven or not before they are born Taboo = A strong social prohibition against certain actions or things Sacred = Refers to things extraordinary that call for reverence Profane = Refers to things ordinary and mundane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Calvinism = A branch of Protestantism that advocates the principle of predestination Religion as a conservative force = A role aimed at maintaining traditional societal values and norms Fundamentalist groups = Advocates for returning society to traditional eras rather than progressive social changes Social solidarity = Promotes unity and reinforces societal norms and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with the correct religion-related concept:

<p>Max Weber's view on religion = Saw religion as a force for social change, particularly in the development of capitalism Emile Durkheim's concept of sacred and profane = Distinguishes between extraordinary things that call for reverence and ordinary mundane things The role of Calvinism in social change = Advocated the principle of predestination which influenced social behavior Fundamentalist groups' stance on societal norms = Seek to maintain traditional values instead of embracing progressive changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following beliefs with their corresponding characteristics:

<p>Calvinism's influence on work ethic = Believed that working harder on earth increased chances of going to Heaven Taboo in society = Strong social prohibitions against specific actions or things Religion as a conservative force = Aims to preserve societal values and traditions rather than promote change Sacred elements in religion = Extraordinary things that evoke reverence and respect</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their definitions:

<p>Conservative force in religion = A concept where religion aims to maintain traditional societal values and norms Fundamentalist groups = Groups that advocate for strict adherence to fundamental beliefs and practices Sacred and the profane = The division between ordinary, everyday life (profane) and extraordinary, reverent matters (sacred) Social solidarity = The unity and cohesion of a society based on shared norms and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with the correct descriptions:

<p>Religion as a force for social change = Religious organizations advocating for societal transformation and justice Early Calvinists' ethic = Living frugal lives and emphasizing discipline and hard work as a reflection of the spirit of capitalism Durkheim's concept of sacred = Uniting people and creating a collective consciousness of shared norms and values Max Weber's perspective on religion = Seeing it as playing a significant role in the development of capitalism through the Protestant ethic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with their corresponding roles in religion:

<p>Challenging societal norms = Fundamentalist groups advocating for strict adherence to traditional beliefs Maintaining traditional values = Religion serving as a conservative force by upholding established norms and practices Promoting social change = Religious movements advocating for justice, equality, and societal transformation Creating social cohesion = Religion uniting people through shared beliefs, norms, and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following perspectives on religion with their proponents:

<p>Totemism = Emile Durkheim Psychological functions of religion = Bronisław Malinowski Social solidarity = Emile Durkheim Marxist perspective on religion = Karl Marx</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with the correct concept:

<p>Worship of the totem as worship of individuals rather than society = Totemism Events like funerals that reinforce social solidarity = Social solidarity Religion helping individuals deal with emotional stress = Psychological functions of religion Religion maintaining class structure and discouraging social change = Marxist perspective on religion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following roles in relation to religion with their corresponding beliefs:

<p>Promotes belief in the afterlife for hope and consolation = Marxist perspective on religion Reinforces societal norms and values through collective consciousness = Social solidarity Serves psychological functions to cope with emotional stress = Psychological functions of religion Focuses on worshiping totems as symbolic representations of society = Totemism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with the correct sociologist's perspective:

<p>Religion as a force maintaining false consciousness = Karl Marx Religion contributing to social order by helping individuals cope emotionally = Bronisław Malinowski Religion promoting belief in eternal bliss after death to prevent social change = Karl Marx Religion reinforcing social solidarity through collective gatherings like funerals = Bronisław Malinowski</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sociologists with their views on Totemism:

<p>Emile Durkheim = Believed worship of the totem was actually worship of individuals Karl Marx = Argued that religion challenges traditional societal norms and values Max Weber = Proposed religion played a role in the development of capitalism Bronisław Malinowski = Used religion to reinforce societal norms and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions related to social solidarity:

<p>Totemism = Unites people and creates a collective consciousness of shared norms and values Protestant ethic = Encourages challenging the capitalist system to receive rewards in heaven Predestination = Branch of Protestantism promoted by Calvinism State religions = Do not influence how society changes over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with the correct descriptions regarding psychological functions of religion:

<p>Religion serves as a conservative force = Used to uphold traditional customs and beliefs in society Religion challenges societal norms and values = Viewed as a liberating tool that empowers women Religion reinforces societal norms and values = Encourages social solidarity and unity in society Religion promotes social change = Destabilizes societal values and traditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to Marxist perspective on religion with their meanings:

<p>Islamic movements = Seek to 'return' society to a more religious era Fundamentalist groups = Advocate for reversal of social changes to traditional eras New religions, sects, and cults = Provide insights into the relationship between religion and society American Civil Rights movement = Example of how religion can serve as a force for social change</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

<p>Totemism = Durkheim argued that the worship of the totem was actually worship of individuals rather than society itself Social solidarity = According to Emile Durkheim and Bronisław Malinowski, religion plays a role in promoting social solidarity and reinforcing societal norms and values Psychological functions of religion = Religion as a conservative force aims to disrupt the social order and promote change in society Marxist perspective on religion = According to Karl Marx, religion is a force that challenges traditional societal norms and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their meanings:

<p>Totemism = Durkheim found that every clan among the Aboriginal people of Australia worshipped a taboo Social solidarity = The sacred unites people and creates a collective consciousness of shared norms and values Psychological functions of religion = Religion as a conservative force aims to bring about social change in society Marxist perspective on religion = State religions do not have any influence on how society changes over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with their corresponding roles in religion:

<p>Totemism = Durkheim argued that the worship of the totem (Totemism) was actually worship of individuals rather than society itself Social solidarity = According to Emile Durkheim and Bronisław Malinowski, religion plays a role in promoting social solidarity and reinforcing societal norms and values Psychological functions of religion = Religion as a conservative force aims to disrupt the social order and promote change in society Marxist perspective on religion = Calvinism is a branch of Protestantism that promoted the idea of predestination</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Totemism = Durkheim argued that the worship of the totem was actually worship of individuals rather than society itself Social solidarity = According to Emile Durkheim and Bronisław Malinowski, religion plays a role in promoting social solidarity and reinforcing societal norms and values Psychological functions of religion = Religion as a conservative force aims to disrupt the social order and promote change in society Marxist perspective on religion = According to Karl Marx, religion is a force that challenges traditional societal norms and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

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