C Programming Language - Features Adhbharach

C Programming Language - Advanced Features

• C is a mid-level programming language created in the 1970s.
• It's easier to read and write than low-level languages, which are closer to how computers understand and interact.
• C is fast, efficient and widely used in many applications, including operating systems, computer games, and mobile apps.

Writing C Programs

• To make a C program, you need a text editor to type the code and a compiler to change the code into a program that a computer can run.
• C programs are made up of functions, which are blocks of code performing specific tasks.
• The main function is the starting point of the program, which calls other necessary functions.

Operators in C

• Arithmetic Operators are symbols used for mathematical operations (e.g., addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) in C.
  • Examples: +, -, *, /, % (modulus)
• Relational Operators check conditions and return true or false values in C.
  • Examples: == (equal to), != (not equal to), > (greater than), < (less than), >= (greater than or equal to), <= (less than or equal to).
• Logical Operators combine relational expressions to create more complex conditions in C.
  • Examples: && (logical AND), || (logical OR), ! (logical NOT).
• Bitwise Operators work directly with the bits of data (0s and 1s) in C.
  • Examples: & (AND), | (OR), ^ (XOR)

Input and Output in C

• printf() function is used to display output.
  • It's defined in stdio.h.
  • It can handle various data types (e.g., integers, characters, strings, floating-point numbers).
• scanf() function is used to take input from the user.
  • It's also defined in stdio.h.
  • It can read different data types for input.

Functions in C

• Functions are reusable blocks of code to perform specific tasks.
• Built-in functions (e.g., printf(), scanf()) are pre-defined and available in header files.
• User-defined functions are created to meet the needs of a program by users.
  • They also have a return type and parameters.

Control Statements - Conditional Statements

• if-else statements evaluate conditions and execute different blocks of code based on the conditions being true or false.
• if-else statements can be nested to create more complex conditional logic.

Control Statements - Loops

• Loops iterate over a block of code repeatedly until a specified condition is met.
• for loops execute a block of code a set number of times.
• while loops iterate until a condition is false.
• do-while loops run the code at least once and then continue if the condition is true.

Nested Loops

• Nested loops are loops placed inside each other, using a series of iterative statements.

Text and Binary Files

• Text files hold data in human-readable format.
• Binary files store data in a numerical representation that will not always be clear to the human eye.

Tha C na chànan prògramaidh ioma-mheadhanach a chaidh a chruthachadh anns na 1970an. Tha an quiz seo a' toirt sealladh air feartan adhartach C, mar a sgrìobhamaid prògraman agus na h-oibreachasan a thathar a' cleachdadh anns na còmhraidhean. Thig còmhla ri ar fìorachas na h-oibreachasan arithmetigeach agus ro-chinnt.