80 Questions
What is the primary site of multiplication of the Togavirus in a susceptible vertebrate host?
Myeloid and lymphoid cells, and vascular endothelium
What is the role of E2 protein in the transmission of CHKV?
Mediates cell attachment
What is the typical incubation period of CHKV?
2-4 days
What is the name of the interferon produced via activation of non-hematopoietic cells during CHKV infection?
Type 1 interferon (IFN)
What is the diameter of the nucleocapsid of the Togavirus?
70 nm
What is the name of the cycle of transmission that involves an animal (wild animal) as a major host?
Sylvatic Cycle
What is the type of viral fusion protein that E1 is classified as?
Class II
What is the major host of the CHKV?
Humans
What is the role of the urban cycle of transmission in CHKV?
Transmission from human to mosquito to human
What is the size of the genome of the Togavirus?
11-12 kb
What is the percentage of cases where joint pain is a clinical manifestation of dengue?
92%
What is the duration of recovery from joint pain in dengue patients?
1 week
What is the age group that is more susceptible to dengue complications?
65 years old or above
What is the primary method of preventing dengue transmission?
Removing stagnant water
What is the result of infection in pregnant women?
The virus can infect the developing fetus
What is the family of viruses that dengue belongs to?
Flaviviridae
What is the common name of the virus that causes dengue?
Flavivirus
What is the type of nucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of dengue virus?
RNA
What is the result of infection in later stages of pregnancy?
Splenomegaly and osteomyelitis among other birth defects
What is the primary reservoir of the DENV virus?
Humans
What is the typical incubation period of DENV?
3-14 days
What is the name of the disease caused by the virus that is similar to dengue?
Zika fever
What is the result of intrauterine infection during the first trimester of pregnancy?
Low birth weight, mental retardation, deafness, and congenital heart disease
What is the size of the DENV virus?
40-60 nm in diameter
What is the genome structure of the DENV virus?
Positive-sense, single-stranded RNA
What is the primary method of diagnosing DENV infection?
Detection of specific serum IgG and IgM antibodies
What is the role of infected macrophages in DENV infection?
They produce signaling proteins that help to combat the infection
What is the result of a high viral load in DENV infection?
Severe symptoms and a high risk of mortality
What is the significance of collecting two serum samples in diagnosing DENV infection?
To identify whether the patient has developed antibodies against the virus and to monitor the response to treatment
What is the current status of vaccine availability for DENV infection?
There is no vaccine available to treat DENV infection
What is the result of intrauterine infection during the first trimester of pregnancy?
Low birth weight, mental retardation, deafness, congenital heart disease, and neurologic defects
What is the primary method of diagnosing DENV infection?
Detection of specific serum IgG and IgM antibodies
What is the primary reservoir of the DENV virus?
Humans
What is the role of infected macrophages in DENV infection?
Production of signaling proteins
What is the result of a high viral load in DENV infection?
Severe symptoms
What is the significance of collecting two serum samples in diagnosing DENV infection?
To confirm the diagnosis
What is the common name of the virus that causes dengue?
Dengue virus
What is the type of viral genome of the DENV virus?
Positive-sense, single stranded RNA
What is the primary vector of DENV transmission?
Aedes mosquito
What is the role of E2 protein in the transmission of DENV?
Not specified in the text
What is the result of CHKV replication in the central nervous system?
Dependence on the ability of the virus to cross the blood-brain barrier
What is the role of Type 1 interferon in CHKV infection?
Trigger the activation of an innate immune response
What is the primary route of transmission of CHKV?
Through the bite of an infected mosquito
What is the target cell type of CHKV in humans?
Epithelial cells and fibroblasts
What is the classification of the E1 protein in CHKV?
Class II viral fusion protein
What is the characteristic of the genome of CHKV?
Positive-sense, single-stranded RNA
What is the typical duration of viremia in CHKV infection?
Several days
What is the role of the urban cycle in CHKV transmission?
Transmission from human to mosquito to human
What is the primary vector of CHKV transmission?
Aedes aegypti
What is the outcome of CHKV infection in pregnant women?
Vertical transmission to the fetus
What is the most common clinical manifestation of dengue?
Joint pain
What is the outcome of infection in pregnant women?
Congenital anomalies in the fetus
What is the primary method of preventing dengue transmission?
Removing stagnant water
What is the family of viruses that dengue belongs to?
Flaviviridae
What is the duration of recovery from joint pain in dengue patients?
1 week
What is the age group that is more susceptible to dengue complications?
People over 65 years old
What is the result of infection in later stages of pregnancy?
Splenomegaly and osteomyelitis
What is the common name of the virus that causes dengue?
Flavivirus
What is the outcome of infection in an individual?
Immunity to dengue
What is the type of nucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of dengue virus?
RNA
Which of the following is a common complication of dengue infection in pregnant women?
Splenomegaly
What is the approximate percentage of dengue cases that exhibit joint pain as a clinical manifestation?
92%
What is the typical duration of recovery from joint pain in dengue patients?
1 week
Which of the following is a method of preventing dengue transmission?
Removing stagnant water
What is the family of viruses that dengue belongs to?
Flaviviridae
What is the consequence of infection in later stages of pregnancy?
Congenital anomalies
What is the primary mechanism by which CHKV triggers the activation of an innate immune response?
Through the production of cytokines and chemokines
What is the characteristic of the nucleocapsid of the Togavirus?
It is 70 nm in diameter
What is the primary route of transmission of CHKV in the urban cycle?
From human to mosquito to human
What is the role of fibroblasts in CHKV infection?
They are a target cell type for CHKV replication
What is the consequence of intrauterine infection during the first trimester of pregnancy?
Low birth weight, mental retardation, deafness, congenital heart disease, and neurologic defects
What is the characteristic of the genome of the Togavirus?
It is positive-sense, single-stranded RNA
What is the outcome of CHKV replication in the central nervous system?
It depends on the ability of the virus to cross the blood-brain barrier
What is the structure of the DENV virus?
Spherical, 40-60 nm in diameter
What is the primary method of diagnosing DENV infection?
Detection of specific serum IgG and IgM antibodies
What is the role of infected macrophages in DENV infection?
Produce interferons and cytokines
What is the primary route of transmission of DENV?
Infected female Aedes mosquito bite
What is the result of a high viral load in DENV infection?
Severe symptoms
What is the significance of collecting two serum samples in diagnosing DENV infection?
To confirm the presence of antibodies
What is the current status of vaccine availability for DENV infection?
There is currently no vaccine available
This quiz covers the characteristics and replication of Togavirus and Flavivirus, including incubation period, primary viral multiplication, and effects on the host.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
