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Questions and Answers
What classification do liverworts fall under?
What classification do liverworts fall under?
- Gymnosperms
- Thallophytes (correct)
- Lycophytes
- Angiosperms
Which characteristic is true for bryophytes?
Which characteristic is true for bryophytes?
- They are flowering plants.
- They require water for sexual reproduction. (correct)
- They reproduce exclusively asexually.
- They are vascular plants.
What is a primary habitat for liverworts?
What is a primary habitat for liverworts?
- Deserts
- Sunny plains
- Mountain tops
- Moist shady places (correct)
How do bryophytes play a role in the ecosystem?
How do bryophytes play a role in the ecosystem?
What distinguishes the plant body of bryophytes from that of algae?
What distinguishes the plant body of bryophytes from that of algae?
What type of reproduction occurs in Green algae most commonly?
What type of reproduction occurs in Green algae most commonly?
Which pigment is not found in Brown algae?
Which pigment is not found in Brown algae?
What is the stored food in Red algae primarily composed of?
What is the stored food in Red algae primarily composed of?
Which of the following statements about the cell wall of Green algae is false?
Which of the following statements about the cell wall of Green algae is false?
What type of chloroplast shapes can be found in Green algae?
What type of chloroplast shapes can be found in Green algae?
What is the major pigment found in Green algae?
What is the major pigment found in Green algae?
How does sexual reproduction occur in Green algae?
How does sexual reproduction occur in Green algae?
Which group of algae is characterized by storing food as mannitol and laminarin?
Which group of algae is characterized by storing food as mannitol and laminarin?
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Study Notes
Bryophytes
- Bryophytes are the first land plants, including liverworts and mosses.
- Typically found in damp, humid, and shaded areas, often in hills.
- Non-vascular, autotrophic, seedless, and non-flowering.
- Known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom due to their dependence on water for sexual reproduction.
- crucial for plant succession on bare rocks and soil.
- More differentiated plant body compared to algae.
Classification of Bryophytes
- Bryophytes are categorized into three classes:
- Liverworts: Thalloid shape, thriving in moist, shady habitats like stream banks and marshes, with a dorsiventral plant body closely aligned to the substrate.
Classification of Algae
- Classified based on photosynthetic pigments, the composition of stored food, and cell wall structure.
Algae Classes Overview
-
Chlorophyceae (Green Algae):
- Dominated by chlorophyll a and b, giving a grass-green appearance.
- Can be unicellular, colonial, or filamentous.
- Features a rigid cell wall with cellulose (inner) and pectose (outer).
- Contains pyrenoids within chloroplasts for protein and starch storage.
- Food stored mainly as starch, with some storing in oil droplets.
-
Phaeophyceae (Brown Algae):
- Contain chlorophyll a, c, and fucoxanthin.
- Store food as mannitol and laminarin; cell walls made of cellulose and algin.
-
Rhodophyceae (Red Algae):
- Contain chlorophyll a, d, and phycoerythrin.
- Store food as floridean starch; cell wall compositions include cellulose, pectin, and polysulphate esters, typically lacking a rigid cell wall.
Reproduction in Green Algae
- Vegetative reproduction occurs through fragmentation or spore formation.
- Asexual reproduction takes place in zoosporangia.
- Sexual reproduction is either anisogamous or oogamous.
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