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Questions and Answers
Which of the following components make up the intracranial vault according to the Monro-Kellie rule?
Which of the following components make up the intracranial vault according to the Monro-Kellie rule?
What is the normal range for intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults?
What is the normal range for intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults?
In the context of intracranial pressure, what does CPP stand for?
In the context of intracranial pressure, what does CPP stand for?
What is the late sign of increased ICP involving pupil response?
What is the late sign of increased ICP involving pupil response?
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Which breathing pattern is associated with midbrain involvement in increased ICP?
Which breathing pattern is associated with midbrain involvement in increased ICP?
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Which term describes a breathing pattern with apnea alternating with hyperventilation in cases of diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
Which term describes a breathing pattern with apnea alternating with hyperventilation in cases of diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
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What is the term for a condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
What is the term for a condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
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Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
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What is the term for the condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for the condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
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What does CPP stand for in the context of increased ICP?
What does CPP stand for in the context of increased ICP?
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Which of the following is the primary danger of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes and brain death?
Which of the following is the primary danger of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes and brain death?
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What is the term for the condition where the brainstem is compressed by an infratentorial mass, causing patchy ischemia?
What is the term for the condition where the brainstem is compressed by an infratentorial mass, causing patchy ischemia?
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What type of brain edema is primarily associated with obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow?
What type of brain edema is primarily associated with obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow?
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Which component of the Monro-Kellie rule describes the brain itself?
Which component of the Monro-Kellie rule describes the brain itself?
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What is the earliest and most reliable indicator of increased ICP?
What is the earliest and most reliable indicator of increased ICP?
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Which part of the brain is responsible for the control of temperature?
Which part of the brain is responsible for the control of temperature?
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What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
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What is the term for a prolonged pause at the end of inspiration in the context of increased ICP?
What is the term for a prolonged pause at the end of inspiration in the context of increased ICP?
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Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
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What is the primary danger of increased ICP that can disturb brain function by leading to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
What is the primary danger of increased ICP that can disturb brain function by leading to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
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Which of the following is the primary danger of increased ICP that can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
Which of the following is the primary danger of increased ICP that can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
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What is the term for the abnormal breathing pattern characterized by prolonged inhalation and brief exhalation?
What is the term for the abnormal breathing pattern characterized by prolonged inhalation and brief exhalation?
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Which sign is indicative of transtentorial herniation?
Which sign is indicative of transtentorial herniation?
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What is the recommended treatment for increased ICP?
What is the recommended treatment for increased ICP?
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What is the term for the swelling of the optic disc caused by increased intracranial pressure?
What is the term for the swelling of the optic disc caused by increased intracranial pressure?
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Which of the following is a breathing pattern associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that involves a prolonged pause at the end of inspiration?
Which of the following is a breathing pattern associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that involves a prolonged pause at the end of inspiration?
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What is the term for a breathing pattern with apnea alternating with hyperventilation in cases of diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
What is the term for a breathing pattern with apnea alternating with hyperventilation in cases of diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
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Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
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What is the term for the condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
What is the term for the condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
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What is the primary danger of increased ICP that can disturb brain function by leading to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
What is the primary danger of increased ICP that can disturb brain function by leading to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three components that make up the intracranial vault according to the Monro-Kellie rule?
Which of the following is NOT one of the three components that make up the intracranial vault according to the Monro-Kellie rule?
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What is the normal range for intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults?
What is the normal range for intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults?
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In the context of intracranial pressure, what does CPP stand for?
In the context of intracranial pressure, what does CPP stand for?
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What is the late sign of increased ICP involving pupil response?
What is the late sign of increased ICP involving pupil response?
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Which breathing pattern is associated with midbrain involvement in increased ICP?
Which breathing pattern is associated with midbrain involvement in increased ICP?
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Which nursing management is recommended for a patient with increased ICP?
Which nursing management is recommended for a patient with increased ICP?
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Which part of the brain is responsible for the control of temperature?
Which part of the brain is responsible for the control of temperature?
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Which part of the brain is pushed under the falx cerebri by an expanding mass high in a cerebral hemisphere?
Which part of the brain is pushed under the falx cerebri by an expanding mass high in a cerebral hemisphere?
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Which breathing pattern is associated with diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
Which breathing pattern is associated with diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
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What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
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Which of the following is a potential sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants?
Which of the following is a potential sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants?
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What is the term for the condition where an infratentorial mass compresses the brainstem, causing patchy ischemia?
What is the term for the condition where an infratentorial mass compresses the brainstem, causing patchy ischemia?
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What type of brain edema is primarily associated with obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow?
What type of brain edema is primarily associated with obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow?
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Which part of the brain is pushed under the falx cerebri by an expanding mass high in a cerebral hemisphere, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
Which part of the brain is pushed under the falx cerebri by an expanding mass high in a cerebral hemisphere, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
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What is the primary treatment for increased ICP when it is due to a causative lesion like a tumor?
What is the primary treatment for increased ICP when it is due to a causative lesion like a tumor?
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Which term describes a breathing pattern with apnea alternating with hyperventilation in cases of diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
Which term describes a breathing pattern with apnea alternating with hyperventilation in cases of diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
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What is the term for a condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
What is the term for a condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
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Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
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What is the term for the condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for the condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
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In the context of increased ICP, what does CPP stand for?
In the context of increased ICP, what does CPP stand for?
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Which of the following is the primary danger of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
Which of the following is the primary danger of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
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Which condition involves the compression of the brainstem by an infratentorial mass, causing patchy ischemia?
Which condition involves the compression of the brainstem by an infratentorial mass, causing patchy ischemia?
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Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
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Which of the following is a breathing pattern associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that involves prolonged inhalation and brief exhalation?
Which of the following is a breathing pattern associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that involves prolonged inhalation and brief exhalation?
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Which breathing pattern associated with increased ICP involves a prolonged pause at the end of inspiration?
Which breathing pattern associated with increased ICP involves a prolonged pause at the end of inspiration?
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What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
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In the context of increased ICP, what does CPP stand for?
In the context of increased ICP, what does CPP stand for?
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What is the term for the condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for the condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
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Which component of the Monro-Kellie rule describes the brain itself?
Which component of the Monro-Kellie rule describes the brain itself?
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Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
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Which of the following is a potential sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants?
Which of the following is a potential sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants?
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What is the term for the condition where the medial temporal lobe is squeezed by a unilateral mass under the tent?
What is the term for the condition where the medial temporal lobe is squeezed by a unilateral mass under the tent?
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What is the primary treatment for increased ICP when it is due to a causative lesion like a tumor?
What is the primary treatment for increased ICP when it is due to a causative lesion like a tumor?
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Which breathing pattern is associated with pons involvement in increased ICP?
Which breathing pattern is associated with pons involvement in increased ICP?
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What is the term for the upward movement of the cerebellum that compresses the brainstem?
What is the term for the upward movement of the cerebellum that compresses the brainstem?
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Which of the following is a breathing pattern associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that involves prolonged inhalation and brief exhalation?
Which of the following is a breathing pattern associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that involves prolonged inhalation and brief exhalation?
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What is the term for a breathing pattern with apnea alternating with hyperventilation in cases of diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
What is the term for a breathing pattern with apnea alternating with hyperventilation in cases of diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP?
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What is the term for a condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
What is the term for a condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
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Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
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What is the term for the condition where the medial temporal lobe is squeezed by a unilateral mass under the tent?
What is the term for the condition where the medial temporal lobe is squeezed by a unilateral mass under the tent?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three components that make up the intracranial vault according to the Monro-Kellie rule?
Which of the following is NOT one of the three components that make up the intracranial vault according to the Monro-Kellie rule?
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What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
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Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
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What is the primary treatment for increased ICP in cases such as tumors and hematomas?
What is the primary treatment for increased ICP in cases such as tumors and hematomas?
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What is the recommended nursing management for a patient with increased ICP?
What is the recommended nursing management for a patient with increased ICP?
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Which of the following is the breathing pattern associated with midbrain involvement in increased ICP?
Which of the following is the breathing pattern associated with midbrain involvement in increased ICP?
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What is the term for a condition where an infratentorial mass compresses the brainstem, causing patchy ischemia?
What is the term for a condition where an infratentorial mass compresses the brainstem, causing patchy ischemia?
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What is the normal range for intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults?
What is the normal range for intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults?
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Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
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What is the earliest and most reliable indicator of increased ICP?
What is the earliest and most reliable indicator of increased ICP?
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Which of the following breathing patterns is associated with diffuse cortical involvement in increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which of the following breathing patterns is associated with diffuse cortical involvement in increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for a condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
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In the context of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), what does CPP stand for?
In the context of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), what does CPP stand for?
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Which component of the Monro-Kellie rule describes the brain itself?
Which component of the Monro-Kellie rule describes the brain itself?
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Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
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Which of the following is the primary danger of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
Which of the following is the primary danger of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death?
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What is the term for the condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
What is the term for the condition where the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle can be affected in transtentorial herniation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
Which medication is known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours?
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Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
Which type of brain edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size?
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What is the term for a condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
What is the term for a condition where one or both anterior cerebral arteries become trapped, causing infarction of paramedian cortex?
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Study Notes
Intracranial Vault and Pressure
- According to the Monro-Kellie rule, the intracranial vault consists of three components: brain, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- The normal range for intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults is 5-15 mmHg.
- CPP stands for Cerebral Perfusion Pressure.
Increased ICP
- Increased ICP can lead to a loss of all brainstem reflexes, cessation of respiration, and brain death.
- The primary danger of increased ICP is brainstem compression, leading to a loss of all brainstem reflexes and brain death.
Breathing Patterns
- Cheyne-Stokes respirations are associated with diffuse cortical involvement in increased ICP.
- Apneustic breathing is associated with pons involvement in increased ICP.
- Biot's breathing is associated with midbrain involvement in increased ICP.
Brain Edema
- Cytotoxic edema is primarily associated with failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms that maintain cell size.
- Interstitial edema is primarily associated with obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow.
Herniation
- Transtentorial herniation can cause the contralateral 3rd cranial nerve and cerebral peduncle to be affected.
- Uncal herniation occurs when the medial temporal lobe is squeezed by a unilateral mass under the tent.
- Upward herniation occurs when the cerebellum compresses the brainstem.
Management
- The primary treatment for increased ICP when it is due to a causative lesion like a tumor is surgical removal.
- Mannitol is a medication known to have a delayed osmotic effect and is used for the management of increased ICP, with an onset in 15-30 minutes and duration from 1 to 6 hours.
- Recommended nursing management for a patient with increased ICP is to maintain a quiet, calm environment, and to monitor vital signs and neurological status.
Other
- The hypothalamus is responsible for the control of temperature.
- Papilledema is the swelling of the optic disc caused by increased intracranial pressure.
- The earliest and most reliable indicator of increased ICP is a change in pupil response.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various breathing patterns and neurological conditions with this quiz. Identify terms such as Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Central Neurogenic Hyperventilation, and Apneustic Breathing. Challenge yourself with questions on brain anatomy, signs of cerebral perfusion pressure, and more.
