Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most common presentation of benign non-proliferative breast changes?
What is the most common presentation of benign non-proliferative breast changes?
- Breast lumps (correct)
- Cystic dilatation of ducts
- Nodules or masses
- Tender breasts
Which type of breast changes are characterized by variable cystic dilatation of ducts and stromal fibrosis?
Which type of breast changes are characterized by variable cystic dilatation of ducts and stromal fibrosis?
- Miscellaneous lesions
- Inflammatory lesions
- Benign proliferative breast changes (correct)
- Tumours
What are unopened cysts in benign non-proliferative breast changes often filled with?
What are unopened cysts in benign non-proliferative breast changes often filled with?
- Pus
- Blood
- Air
- Turbid fluid (correct)
Which type of lesion typically arises during lactation, is painful, and may rupture causing a local inflammatory reaction?
Which type of lesion typically arises during lactation, is painful, and may rupture causing a local inflammatory reaction?
Which type of breast changes are often bilateral and multi-focal, with ill-defined diffuse nodularity?
Which type of breast changes are often bilateral and multi-focal, with ill-defined diffuse nodularity?
What may calcify within cysts in benign non-proliferative breast changes, appearing as micro-calcifications on mammograms?
What may calcify within cysts in benign non-proliferative breast changes, appearing as micro-calcifications on mammograms?
What is the commonest benign tumor of the female breast?
What is the commonest benign tumor of the female breast?
At what age is fibroadenoma most commonly seen?
At what age is fibroadenoma most commonly seen?
Which tumor is thought to arise from the intra-lobular stroma?
Which tumor is thought to arise from the intra-lobular stroma?
What is a characteristic feature of fibroadenoma when described grossly?
What is a characteristic feature of fibroadenoma when described grossly?
Which tumor may show an ominous change with increased stromal cellularity and high mitotic activity?
Which tumor may show an ominous change with increased stromal cellularity and high mitotic activity?
What is the cytogenetic element that is considered neoplastic in fibroadenoma?
What is the cytogenetic element that is considered neoplastic in fibroadenoma?
What is Mammary Duct Ectasia commonly associated with?
What is Mammary Duct Ectasia commonly associated with?
Which group of individuals is most commonly affected by Duct Ectasia?
Which group of individuals is most commonly affected by Duct Ectasia?
What is the most distinctive feature of Duct Ectasia when observed under a microscope?
What is the most distinctive feature of Duct Ectasia when observed under a microscope?
Which condition may mimic cancer due to similarities in skin retraction and induration?
Which condition may mimic cancer due to similarities in skin retraction and induration?
What are the early stages of Traumatic Fat Necrosis characterized by?
What are the early stages of Traumatic Fat Necrosis characterized by?
What is the main clinical significance of Traumatic Fat Necrosis?
What is the main clinical significance of Traumatic Fat Necrosis?
What is the most common cancer among women globally?
What is the most common cancer among women globally?
Which risk factor is significantly higher in North America and northern Europe compared to Asia and Africa?
Which risk factor is significantly higher in North America and northern Europe compared to Asia and Africa?
What is the typical presentation of an intra-ductal papilloma?
What is the typical presentation of an intra-ductal papilloma?
Which genetic mutation is associated with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and an increased risk of early-onset breast cancer?
Which genetic mutation is associated with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and an increased risk of early-onset breast cancer?
What is the approximate percentage of breast cancer cases related to specific inherited mutations?
What is the approximate percentage of breast cancer cases related to specific inherited mutations?
In Kenya, which type of cancer has a higher incidence than breast cancer?
In Kenya, which type of cancer has a higher incidence than breast cancer?
Which type of breast change is characterized by cells resembling carcinoma in situ but not filling or distending more than 50% of the terminal duct unit?
Which type of breast change is characterized by cells resembling carcinoma in situ but not filling or distending more than 50% of the terminal duct unit?
What is the significance of Sclerosing Adenosis compared to other benign breast changes?
What is the significance of Sclerosing Adenosis compared to other benign breast changes?
What characterizes the multi-layered, disorderly cells with nuclear hyperchromasia seen in Epithelial Hyperplasia with atypia?
What characterizes the multi-layered, disorderly cells with nuclear hyperchromasia seen in Epithelial Hyperplasia with atypia?
Which breast change shows compressed dense fibrous connective tissue in the stroma?
Which breast change shows compressed dense fibrous connective tissue in the stroma?
Which benign proliferative breast change has an almost infinite spectrum of proliferative alterations observed under microscopy?
Which benign proliferative breast change has an almost infinite spectrum of proliferative alterations observed under microscopy?
What differentiates mild epithelial hyperplasia from florid, atypical epithelial hyperplasia in terms of cancer risk?
What differentiates mild epithelial hyperplasia from florid, atypical epithelial hyperplasia in terms of cancer risk?
'FCC' refers to which benign breast changes that are often dominated by co-existing fibrosis and cystic alterations?
'FCC' refers to which benign breast changes that are often dominated by co-existing fibrosis and cystic alterations?
What is a common histological feature seen in FCC that may not often produce a discrete breast mass?
What is a common histological feature seen in FCC that may not often produce a discrete breast mass?
'Apocrine changes' are frequently seen in which type of benign breast change?
'Apocrine changes' are frequently seen in which type of benign breast change?
'Marked intra-lobular fibrosis with proliferation of small ductules & acini' is a characteristic feature of which benign breast change?
'Marked intra-lobular fibrosis with proliferation of small ductules & acini' is a characteristic feature of which benign breast change?
