47 Questions
Which phase of the cell cycle involves the synthesis of cellular components needed for DNA synthesis?
G1 phase
Which type of drugs act on cells regardless of the phase of the cell cycle they are in?
Cell cycle nonspecific drugs
Which phase of the cell cycle is the quiescent or dormant phase of cells?
G0 phase
Which class of drugs form DNA cross-links and inhibit DNA synthesis?
Alkylating agents
What is the purpose of neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
To shrink tumors before local therapy
According to the log-kill hypothesis, what do cancer drugs do?
Kill a fixed proportion of a tumor cell population
What is the purpose of adjuvant chemotherapy?
To be done after local treatment
Which drugs are used in cancer treatment to inhibit DNA synthesis?
Alkylating agents
What is the mechanism of action of cisplatin and similar drugs?
Form DNA cross-links
When are rescue drugs administered in cancer treatment?
To alleviate toxic effects of anticancer drugs
What is the purpose of cell cycle specific drugs?
To act selectively on tumor stem cells
What is the purpose of drug combinations in cancer treatment?
To kill different types of cancer cells
What is the purpose of alkylating agents in cancer treatment?
To form DNA cross-links and inhibit DNA synthesis
Which drug is ideal for hormonal therapy in hormone-sensitive breast cancer?
Tamoxifen
What is effective for HER-2/neu receptor positive breast cancer?
Trastuzumab
What is used for acute lymphoblastic leukemia to deplete serum asparagine?
Asparaginase
What inhibits VEGF signaling and is used for various cancers?
Bevacizumab
Which drug allows DNA transcription and differentiation of immature leukemic cells?
All-trans-retinoic acid
Which monoclonal antibody is used in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
Rituximab
Which drug suppresses inflammation and immune response and is used in leukemia and lymphomas?
Prednisone
What type of breast cancer is ideal for hormonal therapy with drugs like Letrozole?
Hormone-sensitive
What are being researched for HER-2/neu receptor negative breast cancer in clinical trials in the Philippines?
New monoclonal antibodies
What type of cancer is Bevacizumab used for?
Various cancers
Which drug is used for acute lymphoblastic leukemia to deplete serum asparagine?
Asparaginase
Which drug inhibits DNA topoisomerase II and mitochondrial electron transport?
Etoposide
Which drug acts against breast cancer cells that overexpress the HER-2/neu receptor?
Trastuzumab
Which drug intercalates between base pairs and inhibits topoisomerase II?
Doxorubicin
Which drug generates free radicals, causing DNA strand breaks?
Bleomycin
Which drug prevents microtubule assembly?
Vinblastine
Which drug inhibits tyrosine kinase activity?
Imatinib
Which drug interferes with mitotic spindle and prevents microtubule disassembly?
Paclitaxel
Which drug inhibits DNA topoisomerase I?
Topotecan
Which drug is a pyrimidine metabolite that inhibits DNA synthesis and repair?
Cytarabine
Which drug is a camptothecin that inhibits DNA topoisomerase I?
Topotecan
Which drug binds to double-stranded DNA and inhibits DNA-dependent RNA synthesis?
Actinomycin D
Which drug is a vinca alkaloid that prevents microtubule assembly?
Vinblastine
Which drug is used for choriocarcinoma, acute leukemias, and breast cancer?
Busulfan
Which drug is used for pancrea c cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and bladder cancer?
Gemcitabine
Which drug causes alopecia and skin rash, and is non-leukemogenic?
Dacarbazine
Which drug is used for acute myeloid leukemia, with toxicities including bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal irritation?
Cytarabine
Which drug is a vinca alkaloid used for bladder cancer, breast cancer, and liver cancer?
Vinblastine
Which drug is used for brain tumors, melanoma, and skin cancer, with toxicities including CNS toxicity, nausea, and bone marrow suppression?
Carmustine
Which drug is used for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and brain tumors, with toxicities like bone marrow suppression and pulmonary toxicity?
Lomustine
Which drug is used for acute leukemias and chronic myelogenous leukemia, with toxicities including bone marrow suppression and hepatotoxicity?
6-Mercaptopurine
Which drug is used for acute leukemias, lymphomas, and Wilms tumor, with toxicities including areflexia and peripheral neuritis?
Vincristine
Which drug is used for bladder cancer, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer, and it inhibits thymidylate synthase causing thymineless death of cells?
5-Fluorouracil
Which drug is used for chronic myelogenous leukemia, with toxicities including pulmonary fibrosis and skin pigmentation?
Procarbazine
Study Notes
Breast Cancer Treatment Options and Clinical Trials in the Philippines
- Breast cancer can be hormone sensitive or HER-2/neu sensitive
- Hormone-sensitive breast cancer is ideal for hormonal therapy with drugs like Tamoxifen, Raloxifene, and Letrozole
- Finding anti-cancer agents for Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor Negative breast cancers is challenging
- Trastuzumab is effective for HER-2/neu receptor positive breast cancer
- New monoclonal antibodies are being researched for HER-2/neu receptor negative breast cancer in clinical trials in the Philippines
- Stage/Phase IV clinical trials in the Philippines offer access to new drugs at lower prices
- Bevacizumab inhibits VEGF signaling and is used for various cancers
- Asparaginase depletes serum asparagine and is used for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- All-trans-retinoic acid allows DNA transcription and differentiation of immature leukemic cells
- Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody used in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Prednisone suppresses inflammation and immune response and is used in leukemia and lymphomas
- Hormonal anticancer agents like Tamoxifen and Leuprolide have specific mechanisms of action and clinical uses
Antineoplastic Drugs Summary
- Carmustine is an alkylating agent used for brain tumors, melanoma, and skin cancer, with toxicities including CNS toxicity, nausea, and bone marrow suppression
- Lomustine, a nitrosourea alkylating agent, is used for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and brain tumors, with toxicities like bone marrow suppression and pulmonary toxicity
- Dacarbazine is an antimetabolite used for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and brain tumors, causing alopecia and skin rash, and it is non-leukemogenic
- Methotrexate, an antimetabolite, is used for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and brain tumors, with toxicities including alopecia, skin rash, and bone marrow suppression
- Busulfan, an alkylating agent, is used for choriocarcinoma, acute leukemias, and breast cancer, with toxicities like bone marrow suppression and pulmonary infiltrates
- Procarbazine, an alkylating agent, is used for chronic myelogenous leukemia, with toxicities including pulmonary fibrosis and skin pigmentation
- 6-Mercaptopurine, an antimetabolite, is used for acute leukemias and chronic myelogenous leukemia, with toxicities including bone marrow suppression and hepatotoxicity
- Gemcitabine, an antimetabolite, is used for pancrea c cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and bladder cancer, with toxicities like bone marrow suppression and pulmonary toxicity
- Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid, is used for acute leukemias, lymphomas, and Wilms tumor, with toxicities including areflexia and peripheral neuritis
- 5-Fluorouracil, an antimetabolite, is used for bladder cancer, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer, and it inhibits thymidylate synthase causing thymineless death of cells
- Vinblastine, a vinca alkaloid, is used for bladder cancer, breast cancer, and liver cancer, with toxicities including bone marrow suppression and alopecia
- Cytarabine, an antimetabolite, is used for acute myeloid leukemia, with toxicities including bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal irritation
Test your knowledge of breast cancer treatment options and clinical trials in the Philippines with this quiz. Explore hormone-sensitive and HER-2/neu sensitive breast cancer treatments, including monoclonal antibodies and anti-cancer agents. Gain insights into stage/phase IV clinical trials and access to new drugs. Learn about antineoplastic drugs, their uses, and toxicities.
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