73 Questions
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of flexion at the elbow?
Musculocutaneous nerve
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the axilla and ribs near the axilla?
Intercostal brachial nerve
Which nerve is responsible for abduction of the fingers?
Ulnar nerve
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the lateral forearm?
Musculocutaneous nerve
Which nerve is responsible for knee extension?
Femoral nerve
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin at the base of the little finger and a portion of the ring finger?
Ulnar nerve
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of the wrist flexors?
Median nerve
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the medial upper arm?
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
Which nerve is responsible for abduction of the deltoids?
Axillary nerve
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the lateral forearm?
Musculocutaneous nerve
Which nerve is responsible for adduction and abduction of the fingers?
Ulnar nerve
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the lateral upper thigh?
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of the knee extensors?
Femoral nerve
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the medial lower leg?
Saphenous nerve
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of the adductors of the leg?
Obturator nerve
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the thenar eminence?
Median nerve
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of the ankle?
Peroneal
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the medial upper arm?
Medial brachial cutaneous
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of the flexors of the forearm?
Musculocutaneous
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the lateral upper thigh?
Lateral femoral cutaneous
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of the knee flexors?
Tibial and peroneal
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the axilla and medial upper arm?
Medial brachial cutaneous
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of the flexors of the forearm and wrist flexors?
Musculocutaneous
Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the anteriolateral lower leg?
Peroneal
Which nerve is responsible for motor function of the knee adductors of the leg?
Obturator
What are the three main trunks of the brachial plexus?
Superior, middle, and inferior
What is the brachial plexus formed by?
Ventral rami of C5-T1 spinal nerves
What is the purpose of the divisions of the brachial plexus?
To form the final peripheral nerves of the upper limb
What is the sensory function of the intercostal brachial nerve?
Lateral chest, medial aspect of the upper arm, and the axilla.
What are the motor functions of the intercostal brachial nerve?
None - is a purely sensory nerve
What is the sensory function of the medial brachial cutaneous nerve?
Sensation on the medial aspect of the arm above the elbow
What is the motor function of the medial brachial cutaneous nerve?
No motor function
What is the motor function of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve?
No motor function
What is the sensory function of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve?
Medial forearm sensation
What is the primary motor function of the musculocutaneous nerve?
Flexion of the elbow
What is the primary motor function of the radial nerve?
Extension of the wrist, fingers, and elbow
What are the motor functions of the median nerve?
Flexion of the wrist and fingers
What is the motor function of the ulnar nerve?
Abduction and adduction of the fingers
What is the motor function of the musculocutaneous nerve?
Flexion of the elbow
What nerves are responsible for adducting the knee?
Obturator nerve
What nerves comprise the lumbar plexus?
L1-L4
What is the origin of the sciatic nerve?
L4-S3 nerve roots
What is the motor function of the femoral nerve?
Hip flexion and knee extension
What is the motor function of the obturator nerve?
Knee adduction
What is the motor function of the saphenous nerve?
No motor function, purely sensory
What is the sensory function of the saphenous nerve?
Provides cutaneous sensation to the lower medial leg and foot
What is the sensory function of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?
Providing sensation to the anterolateral thigh
What is the sensory function of the obturator nerve?
Provides sensation to the medial thigh
What are the branches of the sciatic nerve that provide sensory information?
Tibial nerve and peroneal nerve
What is the sensory function of the tibial nerve?
Provides sensory innervation to the posterolateral leg, sole of foot, and lateral foot
What is the sensory function of the peroneal nerve?
Provides sensation to the anteriolateral lower leg and dorsum of foot
What is the motor function of the sciatic nerve?
Knee flexion, hip adduction, foot and toe movement
What is the primary muscle involved in knee extension?
Quadriceps femoris
What nerve innervates the quadriceps muscles?
Femoral nerve
What muscle is primarily involved in hip flexion?
Iliopsoas
Which muscle, important for ankle extension (raises), is innervated by the tibial nerve?
Gastrocnemius
How would you assess the sciatic nerve?
All of the above
What is the motor function of the tibial nerve
Innervation of the posterior lower leg muscles
What is the motor function of the peroneal nerve?
Dorsiflexion of the foot
What is the nerve root of the axillary nerve?
C5
What is the nerve root for the musculocutaneous nerve?
C5-C6
What is the nerve root of the radial nerve?
C7
What is the nerve root of the median nerve?
C8
What is the nerve root of the ulnar nerve?
C8-T1
What is the nerve root of the femoral nerve?
L2-4
What is the nerve root of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?
L2-L3
What is the nerve root of the obturator nerve?
L2-L4
What nerve provides sensory innervation of the skin of the anatomical snuff box
Radial nerve
Extension of the foot and plantar flexion of the foot is controlled by what nerve?
Tibial nerve
What is the motor function of the saphenous nerve?
None, the saphenous nerve is purely sensory
What is the sensory function of the saphenous nerve?
Sensation of the medial aspect of the leg and ankle
What is the sensory function of the sural nerve?
Providing sensation to the sole of the foot
What 3 nerves arise from the sciatic nerve to provide motor and sensory innervation to the lower leg?
Tibial nerve, Common peroneal nerve, and Sural nerve
Study Notes
Brachial Plexus
- Axillary n.: responsible for abduction of the deltoids and sensation in the skin over the deltoid muscle
- Intercostal brachial n.: provides sensory innervation to the axilla and ribs near the axilla
- Medial brachial cutaneous n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the medial upper arm
- Medial antebrachial cutaneous n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the medial lower arm
- Radial n.: responsible for motor function of extensors of the fingers, wrist, and elbow, and for sensory innervation of the skin of the anatomical snuff box (posterior skin between the thumb and index finger)
- Musculocutaneous n.: responsible for flexion at the elbow (biceps) and supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the lateral forearm
- Median n.: responsible for motor function of wrist flexors and supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the thenar eminence
- Ulnar n.: responsible for motor function of abducting and adducting fingers, and supplies sensory innervation to the skin at the base of the little finger, skin of the little finger, and a portion of the ring finger
Lumbar and Sacral Plexus
- Lateral femoral cutaneous n.: supplies sensory innervation to the lateral upper thigh
- Femoral n.: supplies sensory innervation to the remainder of the skin of the anterior upper thigh to the knee, and is responsible for motor function of knee extensors, quads, sartorius, and other muscles
- Saphenous n.: supplies sensory innervation from the medial aspect of the lower leg, knee to the medial malleolus
- Obturator n.: supplies sensory innervation to some sources say a medial patch of skin at the knee, and part of the knee joint, and is responsible for motor function of adductors of the leg
- Sciatic n.: has a Common Peroneal n. branch that supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the lower lateral leg and enables dorsiflexion of the foot
- Superficial branch of the peroneal n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin over the top of the foot
- Deep branch of the peroneal n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin between the first and second toes, and bones of the upper foot
- Posterior tibial n.: has a sensory branch that supplies sensory innervation to the skin on the plantar surface of the foot, and is responsible for motor function of extensors of the foot and plantar flexion of the foot
- Sural n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin over the heel
Brachial Plexus
- Axillary n.: responsible for abduction of the deltoids and sensation in the skin over the deltoid muscle
- Intercostal brachial n.: provides sensory innervation to the axilla and ribs near the axilla
- Medial brachial cutaneous n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the medial upper arm
- Medial antebrachial cutaneous n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the medial lower arm
- Radial n.: responsible for motor function of extensors of the fingers, wrist, and elbow, and for sensory innervation of the skin of the anatomical snuff box (posterior skin between the thumb and index finger)
- Musculocutaneous n.: responsible for flexion at the elbow (biceps) and supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the lateral forearm
- Median n.: responsible for motor function of wrist flexors and supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the thenar eminence
- Ulnar n.: responsible for motor function of abducting and adducting fingers, and supplies sensory innervation to the skin at the base of the little finger, skin of the little finger, and a portion of the ring finger
Lumbar and Sacral Plexus
- Lateral femoral cutaneous n.: supplies sensory innervation to the lateral upper thigh
- Femoral n.: supplies sensory innervation to the remainder of the skin of the anterior upper thigh to the knee, and is responsible for motor function of knee extensors, quads, sartorius, and other muscles
- Saphenous n.: supplies sensory innervation from the medial aspect of the lower leg, knee to the medial malleolus
- Obturator n.: supplies sensory innervation to some sources say a medial patch of skin at the knee, and part of the knee joint, and is responsible for motor function of adductors of the leg
- Sciatic n.: has a Common Peroneal n. branch that supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the lower lateral leg and enables dorsiflexion of the foot
- Superficial branch of the peroneal n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin over the top of the foot
- Deep branch of the peroneal n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin between the first and second toes, and bones of the upper foot
- Posterior tibial n.: has a sensory branch that supplies sensory innervation to the skin on the plantar surface of the foot, and is responsible for motor function of extensors of the foot and plantar flexion of the foot
- Sural n.: supplies sensory innervation to the skin over the heel
Upper Extremity Nerves
- Axillary nerve: responsible for sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Radial nerve: performs sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Musculocutaneous nerve: has sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Median nerve: involved in sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Ulnar nerve: responsible for sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Intercostal brachial nerve: has sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Medial brachial cutaneous nerve: performs sensory functions in the upper extremity
- Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve: responsible for sensory functions in the upper extremity
Lower Extremity Nerves
- Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve: involved in sensory functions in the lower extremity
- Femoral and Saphenous nerve: performs sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
- Obturator nerve: responsible for sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
- Sciatic nerve: involved in sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
- Tibial nerve: performs sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
- Peroneal nerve: responsible for sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
Upper Extremity Nerves
- Axillary nerve: responsible for sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Radial nerve: performs sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Musculocutaneous nerve: has sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Median nerve: involved in sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Ulnar nerve: responsible for sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Intercostal brachial nerve: has sensory and motor functions in the upper extremity
- Medial brachial cutaneous nerve: performs sensory functions in the upper extremity
- Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve: responsible for sensory functions in the upper extremity
Lower Extremity Nerves
- Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve: involved in sensory functions in the lower extremity
- Femoral and Saphenous nerve: performs sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
- Obturator nerve: responsible for sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
- Sciatic nerve: involved in sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
- Tibial nerve: performs sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
- Peroneal nerve: responsible for sensory and motor functions in the lower extremity
Brachial Plexus
Definition and Function
- A complex network of nerves that originates in the neck and shoulder region, controlling muscle movements and sensations in the upper limb
- Responsible for both motor and sensory functions
Anatomy and Structure
- Formed by the ventral rami of C5-T1 spinal nerves
- Composed of five distinct components:
- Roots: C5-T1 spinal nerves
- Trunks: 3 main trunks (superior, middle, inferior)
- Divisions: anterior and posterior divisions of each trunk
- Cords: 3 cords (lateral, medial, posterior)
- Branches: final branches that form the peripheral nerves of the upper limb
Motor Functions
- Controls movements of the shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand
- Innervates muscles of the upper limb
Sensory Functions
- Transmits sensory information from the upper limb to the central nervous system
Clinical Relevance and Injuries
- Injuries can result from trauma (e.g., falls, motor vehicle accidents), birth injuries (e.g., dystocia), or tumors/space-occupying lesions
- Symptoms of brachial plexus injuries include:
- Weakness or paralysis of the upper limb
- Numbness or paresthesia in the arm or hand
- Pain or burning sensations in the arm or hand
This quiz covers the sensory and motor evaluation of the brachial and lumbar plexus, including the axillary nerve, intercostal brachial nerve, and radial nerve. It focuses on the motor and sensory functions of each nerve.
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