Bone Structure and Function

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Questions and Answers

Match the following types of bone with their characteristics:

Compact Bone = Dense, tightly packed tissue composed of a continuous extracellular matrix Spongy Bone = Consists of irregular, thin bony plate projections Diaphysis = An example of a compact bone Epiphysis = An example of spongy bone

Match the following bone cells with their functions:

Osteogenic Cells = Stem cells that turn into osteoblasts as needed Osteoblasts = Form the bone matrix and secrete the collagen matrix Osteocytes = Mature bone cells that are crystallized osteoblasts Osteoclasts = Reabsorb old bone

Match the following components of bone matrix with their roles:

Collagen = Provides flexibility and framework of bone formation Calcium = Contributes to hardness and strength of bones Phosphate = Works with calcium to provide structural integrity Bone Matrix = Composed of 1/3 collagen fibers and 2/3 calcium & phosphate salt

Match the following aspects of Paget's Disease with their descriptions:

Paget’s Disease = Disorder of the bone remodeling process Overactive Osteoclasts = Lead to bones being prone to fractures Typical Age Group = Patients usually over 40 years old Symptoms = Can include pain and bone deformities Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of fractures with their descriptions:

Open Fracture = Bone breaks through the skin Closed Fracture = Bone is out of alignment but remains under the skin Open Reduction = Requires surgery to realign the fractured bone Closed Reduction = Can realign the fractured bone without surgery Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of bone healing with their definitions:

Direct Bone Healing = Osteoblasts & Osteoclasts connect broken structures directly Indirect Bone Healing = Cartilaginous patches form before regeneration begins Osteoblasts = Cells that form new bone Osteoclasts = Cells that break down old bone Signup and view all the answers

Match the skeletal areas most affected by Paget’s disease:

Pelvis = Wider bone structure and deformity Skull = Increased growth leading to headaches Spine = Potential for curvature issues Legs = Possible joint pain and mobility issues Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of calluses with their characteristics:

Internal Callus = Forms within the medullary cavity External Callus = Forms around the outside of the fracture site Cartilaginous Patch = Initial structure before bone regeneration Bone Regeneration = Formation of new bone at fracture site Signup and view all the answers

Match the bone types with their functions:

Compact Bone = Provides strength and support Spongy Bone = Allows for lightness and shock absorption Long Bones = Facilitates movement and weight-bearing Flat Bones = Protects internal organs and provides surface area for muscle attachment Signup and view all the answers

Match the bone function with its description:

Protects internal organs = a. Skull protects brain Stores and releases fat = b. Yellow bone marrow Produces blood cells = c. Red bone marrow Facilitates movement = d. Attachment points for muscles Signup and view all the answers

Match the parts of a long bone with their functions:

Epiphysis = a. End of a long bone that forms a joint Diaphysis = b. Shaft of the bone Medullary cavity = c. Hollow chamber within diaphysis Periosteum = d. Tough, vascular covering of tissue Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of bone marrow with their characteristics:

Yellow bone marrow = a. Fat storage Red bone marrow = b. Blood cell formation Adipocytes = c. Fat-forming cells Hematopoiesis = d. Process of blood cell production Signup and view all the answers

Match the classification of bones with their types:

Long bones = a. Arm and leg bones Flat bones = b. Sternum and skull Short bones = c. Carpals and tarsals Irregular bones = d. Vertebrae and pelvis Signup and view all the answers

Match the minerals stored in bones with their functions:

Calcium = a. Essential for blood clotting Phosphorus = b. Important for energy production Iron = c. Component of hemoglobin Magnesium = d. Crucial for muscle and nerve function Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of cartilage with its location in the bone:

Articular cartilage = a. Covers the ends of bones Hyaline cartilage = b. Found in growth plates Fibrocartilage = c. In intervertebral discs Elastic cartilage = d. In the ear and epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

Match the bone protection function with the relevant bone:

Skull = a. Protects the brain Vertebral column = b. Protects the spinal cord Rib cage = c. Protects heart and lungs Pelvis = d. Protects reproductive organs Signup and view all the answers

Match the bone-related terms with their definitions:

Osseous tissue = a. The hard tissue of bones Compact bone = b. Dense outer layer of bone Spongy bone = c. Light, porous inner structure Bone marrow = d. Soft tissue inside bones involved in blood cell production Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes