Anaphy
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Questions and Answers

The bone structure composed of adipose tissue.

Yellow marrow

Bone structure that runs in the compact bone at the right angles to the shaft.

Volkmann's canal

Known as the bone destroying cell.

Osteoclasts

Sella turcica is found on which bone?

<p>Sphenoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considered as the secondary curvature of the vertebrate

<p>Cervical and Lumbar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Corresponds to the area, medial to the flaring portion of the ilia.

<p>False pelvis ( anything above the pelvic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True about the female pelvis, EXCEPT.

<p>Shallower and bones are thicker</p> Signup and view all the answers

Narrow ridge of the bone.

<p>Crest</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bone fracture pressed inward.

<p>Depressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Show signs of labor (anatomical landmark)

<p>Ischial Spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Throw the ball with much stronger force (lateral side), what is the least affected?

<p>Pisiform</p> Signup and view all the answers

80 year old patient, knee pain, affected limbs, what condition does he have?

<p>Osteoarthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Connective tissue covering the cardiac muscle.

<p>Endomysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cord like sheet that attaches to the muscle bone.

<p>Tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

Myofibrils containing myosin.

<p>Thick filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organelles the stores calcium during muscle activation.

<p>Smooth ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

Energy pathway that produces 1 ATP per cycle.

<p>Direct phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Type of paralysis where muscle atrophy is observed.

<p>Flaccid Paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Prime mover of flexion

<p>Biceps Brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compresses the abdominal contents.

<p>Transversus abdominis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Prime mover of hip flexion.

<p>Iliopsoas</p> Signup and view all the answers

They are called the hamstring group, EXCEPT.

<p>Rectus femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fell on his wrong foot and noticed a popping sound upon landing, tried to stood up but fell.

<p>Gastrocnemius</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inject new born baby.

<p>Vastus lateralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Attaches the periosteum to the underlying bone.

<p>Sharpey's Fibres or perforating fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Common fracture in old population.

<p>Compression and comminuted</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pass through internal acoustic meatus, EXCEPT

<p>Aducens Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary curvature

<p>Thoracic and sacral</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pelvic girdle, except

<p>Coccyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

This is a disease cause due to abscence of distrophine

<p>Duchene muscular dystrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

what kind of synovial joint is your carpometacarpal joint.

<p>Saddle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

The muscle is striated and involuntary.

<p>Cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Soft on the newborns head and is able to feel pulsation.

<p>Fontanelle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Covering of fascicle

<p>perineurium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Structural and functional of your skeletal muscle

<p>sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

The state where muscles contract to the fullest extent and never partially contract

<p>-all or none</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pathway - oxygen deficit

<p>anaerobic pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

The muscles that Oppose and reverse

<p>Antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

Motor neurons degenerates

<p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Auto immune due to Shortage of acetycholine receptors

<p>myasthenia gravis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The kissing muscle.

<p>Orbicularis oris</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tailors muscle, strip like and weak.

<p>Sartorius</p> Signup and view all the answers

Muscles plantar flexes of the foot, except

<p>Tibialis anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consist of cranial and spinal nerves.

<p>PNS(Peripheral Nervous System)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carries nerve impulses from Central Nervous system to the effector organs.

<p>Efferent division</p> Signup and view all the answers

Neuroglia cells that poses debris (mga phagocytes nimo)

<p>Microglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Neuroglia cells tha protects the cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system.

<p>Satellite cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gaps or indentations of myelin sheath.

<p>Node of Ranvier</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nerves present in the PNS

<p>Nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

Receptors that detect amount of stretch from muscles and tendons

<p>Proprioceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Type of neuron in the ganglia of peripheral nervous system.

<p>Unipolar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Area in the cerebral cortex located in the parietal lobe, anterior to the central sulcus.

<p>Primary motor area</p> Signup and view all the answers

A driver lost balance and he could not feel anything in his lower extermity.

<p>Primary somatic motor area</p> Signup and view all the answers

Speaks fluently but words do not make sense at all.

<p>Wernicks area</p> Signup and view all the answers

Area in the cerebral cotex that is responsible for recognizing faces and patterns.

<p>Posterior association area</p> Signup and view all the answers

Structures cerebral cortex that allows identification of the left and right cerebral hemisphere.

<p>Commisural fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Feeling anxious or stress, the part of the nervous system that allows us to fel pleasant and unpleasant

<p>Thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sensation or feeling hunger (heart rate and body temperature)

<p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fibers of the cell bodies of sensory neurons enter by.

<p>Dorsal root</p> Signup and view all the answers

Spine is which part of the spinal cord anatomy.

<p>White matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inferior oblique muscle is supplied by

<p>Oculomotor nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nuero transmitter used by the sympathetic postganglionic nerve.

<p>Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sky diving, diagnosed with respiratory paralysis, which nerve is affected.

<p>phrenic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bone Structure

  • Adipose tissue is found in the bone marrow, which is located within the bone, not composing the bone itself.
  • The Haversian canals run longitudinally through compact bone, while the Volkmann's canals run perpendicular to the Haversian canals.
  • Osteoclasts, which are cells with multiple nuclei, are responsible for breaking down bone tissue.
  • The sella turcica is a depression found on the sphenoid bone, which houses the pituitary gland.
  • The lumbar curvature of the spine is considered the secondary curvature.
  • The area medial to the flaring portion of the ilia corresponds to the pelvic inlet.
  • The true statements about the female pelvis are:
    • Wider subpubic angle
    • Shorter, wider, and more circular pelvic inlet
    • Sacrum is wider and shorter
    • Sacrum is less curved
    • Coccyx is more movable
  • The narrow ridge of the bone is known as a crest.
  • A fracture pressed inward is called an impacted fracture.
  • Signs of labor can be observed in the female pelvis through the subpubic angle and the sacrum's curve.
  • When throwing a ball with much stronger force on the lateral side, the medial epicondyle of the humerus is the least affected.
  • An 80-year-old patient with knee pain and affected limbs might be suffering from osteoarthritis.
  • The connective tissue covering the cardiac muscle is called the epicardium.
  • Cord-like sheets of connective tissue that attach muscle to bone are called tendons.
  • Myofibrils contain the protein myosin, which is responsible for muscle contraction.
  • The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium during muscle activation.
  • The anaerobic glycolysis energy pathway produces 1 ATP per cycle.
  • Neurogenic atrophy is a type of paralysis where muscle atrophy is observed.
  • Biceps brachii is a prime mover of flexion.

Muscles

  • The rectus abdominis compresses the abdominal contents.
  • The iliopsoas is the prime mover of hip flexion.
  • The biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus are the muscles that make up the hamstring group, EXCEPT for the gracilis.
  • A torn meniscus is commonly associated with a "popping" sound upon landing and is a common injury.
  • Injecting a newborn baby into the vastus lateralis is recommended.
  • The Sharpey's fibers attach the periosteum to the underlying bone.
  • Hip fractures are common in the elderly population.
  • The facial nerve (VII), vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII), and glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) pass through the internal acoustic meatus, EXCEPT for the trigeminal nerve (V).

Nervous System

  • The thoracic and sacral curvatures are the primary curvatures of the spine.
  • The pelvic girdle consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis bones, EXCEPT for the femur.
  • Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a disease caused by the absence of the dystrophin protein.
  • The carpometacarpal joint is a saddle joint.
  • Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary.
  • The fontanelles are soft areas on the newborn's head that allow for the skull to mold during birth.
  • The endomysium is the covering of a fascicle, which is a bundle of muscle fibers.
  • The structural and functional unit of a skeletal muscle is a sarcomere.
  • The tetanus is the state where muscles contract to their fullest extent and never partially contract.
  • The oxygen deficit pathway occurs when the body is unable to supply enough oxygen to the muscles, resulting in the breakdown of glucose into lactic acid.
  • Muscles that oppose and reverse the action of another muscle are known as antagonists.
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disease where the motor neurons degenerate.
  • Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease caused by a shortage of acetylcholine receptors.
  • The orbicularis oris is the kissing muscle, which controls the lips.
  • The sartorius is the tailor's muscle, located on the anterior thigh.
  • The gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior, and flexor hallucis longus are muscles that plantar flex the foot, EXCEPT for the tibialis anterior.
  • The peripheral nervous system consists of cranial and spinal nerves.
  • Efferent nerves carry nerve impulses from the central nervous system to the effector organs.
  • Microglia are neuroglia cells that phagocytize debris.
  • Satellite cells are neuroglia cells that protect the cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system.
  • Nodes of Ranvier are gaps or indentations in the myelin sheath.
  • Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia are nerves present in the PNS.
  • Muscle spindles detect the amount of stretch from muscles and tendons.
  • Sensory neurons are found in the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system.
  • The somatosensory cortex, located in the parietal lobe anterior to the central sulcus, is responsible for processing sensory information from the body.
  • A driver losing balance and not feeling anything in their lower extremity could indicate a spinal cord injury.
  • A person speaking fluently but not making sense could have Wernicke's aphasia.
  • The fusiform gyrus, in the temporal lobe, is responsible for recognizing faces and patterns.
  • The corpus callosum is the structure that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
  • The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating involuntary functions, like feeling anxious or stressed, and the parasympathetic nervous system helps us feel pleasant and unpleasant.
  • The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating hunger, heart rate, and body temperature.
  • The dorsal root is where fibers from the cell bodies of sensory neurons enter the spinal cord.
  • The vertebral canal is the main part of the spinal cord anatomy.
  • The oculomotor nerve (III) supplies the inferior oblique muscle.
  • Norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter used by the sympathetic postganglionic nerve.
  • A skydiver diagnosed with respiratory paralysis could have sustained damage to the phrenic nerve.

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