Questions and Answers
What is the definition of proximal epiphysis?
What is the definition of distal epiphysis?
What is the proximal metaphysis?
The region in a mature bone that is sandwiched between the diaphysis and the epiphysis, containing the epiphyseal plate in a growing bone.
What is the definition of diaphysis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of articular cartilage?
Signup and view all the answers
Where is spongy bone with red marrow found?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an epiphyseal line?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes compact bone?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of the endosteum?
Signup and view all the answers
What does a nutrient artery do?
Signup and view all the answers
What is contained in the medullary cavity?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the periosteum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is spongy bone also known as?
Signup and view all the answers
What do trabeculae of spongy bone do?
Signup and view all the answers
What are concentric lamellae?
Signup and view all the answers
What do blood vessels do?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a canaliculus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a lacuna?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an osteocyte?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a central canal?
Signup and view all the answers
What are perforating canals?
Signup and view all the answers
What are trabeculae covered with?
Signup and view all the answers
What connects osteocyte lacunae?
Signup and view all the answers
What are lamellae?
Signup and view all the answers
What are trabeculae?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Bone Structure Terminology
- Proximal Epiphysis: End of the bone nearest to the body's midline.
- Distal Epiphysis: End of the bone farthest from the body's midline.
- Proximal Metaphysis: Region between diaphysis and epiphysis, contains epiphyseal plate for growth in juveniles; becomes the epiphyseal line in adults.
- Distal Metaphysis: Same function as the proximal metaphysis, located at the distal end of the long bone.
- Diaphysis: The shaft section of a long bone.
Bone Composition and Coverings
- Articular Cartilage: Covers bone surfaces forming joints, providing a smooth interface.
- Compact Bone: Dense and hard tissue beneath the bone's outer membrane, forming the outer layer.
- Spongy Bone (Cancellous Bone): Lattice-like tissue found within bones, surrounding the medullary cavity, contains red marrow.
- Trabeculae: Lightweight structural components of spongy bone, aligned along stress lines for support.
Bone Marrow and Cavities
- Medullary Cavity: Central cavity of long bones that contains yellow bone marrow.
- Red Marrow: Found in spongy bone cavities, responsible for hematopoiesis (blood cell production).
- Endosteum: Membranous lining of the medullary cavity, involved in bone maintenance.
Bone Vascularization
- Nutrient Artery: Major blood supply entering the compact bone near the mid-diaphysis.
- Blood Vessels: Tubular structures transporting blood throughout the body.
- Central Canal: Central channel in compact bone containing blood vessels and nerves.
- Perforating Canals: Horizontal canals that connect with central canals, facilitating blood supply throughout the compact bone.
Bone Cellular Structure
- Osteocyte: Mature bone cells residing in small cavities known as lacunae.
- Lacuna: Small chambers housing osteocytes, strategically located between concentric lamellae.
- Canaliculi: Microscopic channels connecting lacunae, allowing communication between osteocytes through processes and gap junctions.
Bone Matrix Structure
- Concentric Lamellae: Layers of bone matrix surrounding a central canal, resembling the rings of a tree.
- Lamellae: Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix.
- Trabeculae Covered with Endosteum: Supporting fibers in spongy bone, with spaces in between facilitating lightness and structural integrity.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the fundamental terms related to bone structure and function with these flashcards. Learn about the proximal and distal epiphysis and the proximal metaphysis. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.