Bone Matrix and Mineralization Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which component in bone acts like steel reinforcing rods according to the text?

Collagen (correct)

Inorganic matrix

Mineralized matrix

Vitamin C

What happens to bones when there is insufficient calcium, based on the text?

Bones become softer (correct)

Bones become brittle

Bones increase in flexibility

Bones become shatter resistant

What is the function of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

Break down bone tissue (correct)

Promote bone deposition

Secrete collagen fibers

Increase bone mineralization

Which type of bone cells are primarily involved in the formation of new bone tissue?

Osteoblasts Signup and view all the answers

What role does cartilage play in bone development?

Serves as a flexible precursor to bone Signup and view all the answers

How do collagen fibers in compact bone contribute to its mechanical strength?

Collagen fibers resist twisting and bending forces due to their arrangement Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the bone matrix contributes to bone's flexibility and tensile strength?

Collagen Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of osteoclasts in bone physiology?

Breaking down bone tissue Signup and view all the answers

What limits the thickness of cartilage in terms of oxygen and nutrient supply?

Limited blood supply to chondrocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which component makes up about 65% of the total weight of bones?

Hydroxyapatite Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of osteoblasts in bone formation?

Secreting new bone matrix Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells largely surround themselves in small cavities called lacunae in cartilage?

Chondrocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoclasts?

Secreting hydrogen ions to break down inorganic matrix Signup and view all the answers

Which cells recruit osteoblasts to build up or reinforce bone under tension?

Osteocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoblasts?

Building new bone matrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the extracellular matrix of cartilage composed of?

Collagen and glycosaminoglycans Signup and view all the answers

From which cells do osteoclasts originate?

Bone marrow cells Signup and view all the answers

What do chondroblasts primarily contribute to in cartilage?

Making most of the extracellular matrix Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bone Matrix

The combination of collagen and inorganic matrix makes bone shatter-resistant.
Vitamin C is necessary for collagen synthesis.
The mineralized matrix acts like concrete, giving bones hardness.
Insufficient calcium intake can lead to soft bones.

Bone Structure

Compact bone is the structural and functional unit of bone tissue, composed of concentric lamellae.
Collagen fibers in compact bone are arranged in a "corkscrew" pattern, providing resistance to twisting and bending forces.
Compact bone is subjected to great stress and must be able to withstand it to prevent damage.

Bone Cells

Osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain bone extracellular matrix and have the ability to recruit osteoblasts to build up or reinforce bone under tension.
Osteoblasts synthesize bone matrix, maintaining bone extracellular matrix.
Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption, breaking down inorganic and organic matrices, and releasing Ca2+ into the blood.

Cartilage

Cartilage is a specialized connective tissue that is tough, flexible, and absorbs shock.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage consists of collagen and elastic fibers, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans.
Chondroblasts are immature cells that divide and make most of the ECM, while chondrocytes are mature cells that surround themselves in small cavities (lacunae).

Bone Matrix Composition

The organic components of bone matrix, including collagen and osteoid, contribute to bone's flexibility and strong tensile strength.
The inorganic components, including hydroxyapatite, make up about 65% of the bone's total weight and provide hardness.
The extracellular matrix of bone consists of both inorganic and organic components, with the inorganic matrix providing support and protection and the organic matrix providing flexibility and tensile strength.

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Description

Test your knowledge about bone matrix and mineralization processes. Learn about the importance of collagen, minerals, Vitamin C, and calcium in bone health. Explore methods to study bone composition like soaking in acid or heating.