Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following directional terms means "toward the head"?
Which of the following directional terms means "toward the head"?
What type of movement involves decreasing the angle between two articulating bones?
What type of movement involves decreasing the angle between two articulating bones?
Which of the following movements describes moving a limb away from the midline of the body?
Which of the following movements describes moving a limb away from the midline of the body?
What type of movement is described as the turning of a bone around its own long axis?
What type of movement is described as the turning of a bone around its own long axis?
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Supination is the movement of the hand and forearm resulting in a "palm-down" position.
Supination is the movement of the hand and forearm resulting in a "palm-down" position.
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Which of these terms describes a movement that is considered the opposite of contralateral?
Which of these terms describes a movement that is considered the opposite of contralateral?
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Match the following non-locomotor exercises with their descriptions:
Match the following non-locomotor exercises with their descriptions:
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What is the name for the non-angular movement that involves extending a part of the body forward?
What is the name for the non-angular movement that involves extending a part of the body forward?
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Which movement allows the thumb to touch the tips of the other fingers on the same hand?
Which movement allows the thumb to touch the tips of the other fingers on the same hand?
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The "dead bug" exercise is considered a locomotor exercise.
The "dead bug" exercise is considered a locomotor exercise.
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What type of movement is involved in walking, running, and jumping?
What type of movement is involved in walking, running, and jumping?
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Which of the following is NOT a basic position in exercise?
Which of the following is NOT a basic position in exercise?
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In the squat position, the knees should be fully extended.
In the squat position, the knees should be fully extended.
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What is the name for the position where the body is extended forward, with hands on the floor at the back, elbows and body straight?
What is the name for the position where the body is extended forward, with hands on the floor at the back, elbows and body straight?
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In the "Side Arm Support" position, the body is supported by:
In the "Side Arm Support" position, the body is supported by:
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The ____ position is typically used as a starting point for various exercises.
The ____ position is typically used as a starting point for various exercises.
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The "Dog Stand Position" requires the arms to be at a 90-degree angle with the trunk.
The "Dog Stand Position" requires the arms to be at a 90-degree angle with the trunk.
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Which arm position involves raising the arms forward parallel to each other with palms facing each other?
Which arm position involves raising the arms forward parallel to each other with palms facing each other?
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What is the name for the arm position where the arms are raised upward sideward, forming a "Y" letter?
What is the name for the arm position where the arms are raised upward sideward, forming a "Y" letter?
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Study Notes
Desired Learning Outcomes
- Students should be able to identify and perform directional terms of body movements
- Students should demonstrate correct breathing techniques
- Students should perform various locomotor and non-locomotor skills
- Students should appreciate stability's role in bracing the core
- Students should execute different basic stunts and body positions
Directional Terms
- Superior: Toward the head; also means upper or above
- Inferior: Toward the feet; also means lower or below
- Anterior: Front or in front of
- Posterior: Back or in back of
- Medial: Toward the midline of the body
- Lateral: Towards the side of the body, away from the midline
- Proximal: Toward or nearest the trunk of the body, or origin of a body part
- Distal: Away from or farthest from the trunk or origin of a body part
Superficial and Deep
- Superficial: Nearer the surface
- Deep: Farther away from the body surface
Contralateral and Ipsilateral
- Contralateral: Pertaining to the other side
- Ipsilateral: Opposite of contralateral; occurs on the same side
Planes of the Body
- Sagittal plane: Divides the body into left and right halves
- Frontal (coronal) plane: Divides the body into front and back halves
- Transverse plane: Divides the body into upper and lower halves
Angular Movements
- Flexion: Decreases the angle between two bones
- Extension: Increases the angle between two bones
- Hyperextension: Bending beyond the normal range of motion
Other Movements
- Abduction: Moving a limb away from the midline
- Adduction: Moving a limb toward the midline
- Circumduction: Moving a limb in a circular motion
- Plantar flexion: Depressing the foot (pointing the toes)
- Dorsiflexion: Lifting the foot so the superior surface approaches the shin
- Rotation: Turning a bone around its own long axis
- Inversion: Turning the sole of the foot inward
- Eversion: Turning the sole of the foot outward
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Protraction and Retraction: Non-angular anterior and posterior movements
- Example: moving the jaw forward or backward
- Elevation and Depression: Superior and inferior movement, respectively
- Opposition: Movement between the metacarpal and carpals allowing the thumb to touch the fingers
Non-Locomotor Exercises
- Bracing the Core exercises (breathing, holding and exhaling)
- Dead Bug
- Hip Bridge
- Bird Dog
- Press Up
Locomotor Skills
- Crawling (baby crawl, bear crawl, crab walk, gorilla crawl)
- Plank Walk
- High Knee March Walk
- Skip, Stationary and forward
- Hop
- Gallop
- Running
- Side Shuffle
- Skip Laterals
- Carioca
Basic Position in Exercise
- Standing Positions: feet together or parallel, toes pointed forward, arms at sides
- Squat Position: knees fully bent, heels of feet raised, weight on toes
- Long Sitting: legs and toes extended forward
- Hook Sitting: knees close to the body
- Tuck Sitting: knees close to body, round back
- Stride Sitting: legs in stride position
- Side Sitting: bent leg in front of the body
- Long Sitting Rest Position: legs and torso extended forward
- Heel Sit: kneeling, sitting on heels
Arm Support Positions
- Supine or Back Arm Support
- Prone or Front Arms Support
- Side Arm Support
Arm Positions
- Hands on Waist
- Hands on Shoulders
- Hands on Chest
- Hands on Nape
- Arms Forward
- Arms Sideward
- Arms Upward
- Oblique upward sideward
- Oblique downward sideward
Jumping and Landing
Rolling
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Description
Test your understanding of body movements and essential breathing techniques. This quiz covers directional terms, stability, and various locomotor and non-locomotor skills. Perfect for students looking to master the fundamentals of physical education.
