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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of flexion?
What is the definition of flexion?
- Circular movement of a body segment
- Movement that increases the angle of a joint
- Lateral rotation of the foot
- Movement that decreases the angle of a joint (correct)
What is dorsiflexion?
What is dorsiflexion?
An example of flexion that decreases the joint angle, such as raising the heel and toes towards the body.
What is plantar flexion?
What is plantar flexion?
A type of flexion that increases the joint angle, e.g. extending the foot.
What is extension?
What is extension?
What is hyperextension?
What is hyperextension?
What does abduction refer to?
What does abduction refer to?
What is adduction?
What is adduction?
What is rotation?
What is rotation?
What is supination?
What is supination?
What is pronation?
What is pronation?
What is circumduction?
What is circumduction?
What does inversion refer to?
What does inversion refer to?
What is eversion?
What is eversion?
What is protraction?
What is protraction?
What is retraction?
What is retraction?
What is elevation?
What is elevation?
What is depression?
What is depression?
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Study Notes
Body Movements Terminology
- Flexion: Movement that reduces the angle at a joint, bringing body parts closer together.
- Dorsiflexion: A specific type of flexion occurring at the ankle, raising the foot and toes towards the body.
- Plantar Flexion: Increases the angle at the ankle joint, extending the foot away from the body.
Movement Types
- Extension: Increases the angle of a joint, often straightening, such as straightening the knee.
- Hyperextension: Occurs when a joint is bent beyond its normal limit, leading to an extended position that exceeds natural range.
Directional Movements
- Abduction: Movement of a limb away from the body’s midline.
- Adduction: Movement of a limb toward the body’s midline.
Rotational Movements
- Rotation: Describes the turning of a bone around its own axis.
- Supination: A rotational movement that turns a body part or limb backward.
- Pronation: A rotational movement that turns a body part or limb forward.
Circular and Foot Movements
- Circumduction: Circular motion involving a limb moving in a circular path.
- Inversion: Medial rotation of the foot, often a cause for sprained ankles.
- Eversion: Lateral rotation of the foot, moving the sole outward away from the midline.
Protraction and Retraction
- Protraction: Forward movement of a body part, exemplified by thrusting the lower jaw forward.
- Retraction: Moving a body part backward, such as bringing the shoulders back to square them.
Elevation and Depression
- Elevation: Lifting a body part superiorly, demonstrated by a shoulder shrug.
- Depression: Moving a body part inferiorly, as with lowering the mandible.
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